It is possible to calculate hardness from single particle compression experiments according to Abbott and Firestone or CEB model. However, hardness might change with strain. Detailed information you find here: DOI:10.1016/j.apt.2013.09.009
Nanoindentation is a better method to calculate the hardness of the powder particle. Different shape indenters such as Berkovich and cylindrical indenter can be used for experiments. For more details go through below links. These articles might be helpful.