For example, it is necessary to determine the proportion of river water in the diet of floodplain lakes or share key nutritional waters of the river or stream, provided that the ionic composition is known.
Activity and ionic strength are two parameters you could calculate.
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/eBook/978-0-85404-371-2#!divbookcontent
You can stick with the majors e.g., Ca, Mg, Na, K, Alkalinity (HCO3), Cl and SO4 and use Piper diagrams. You could add a few more and do cluster analysis or Q mode factor analysis.
If relevant: Depends on the geology of the catchment and the age of the floodplain water. i was working on a reservoir which was full of suspended matter, turbid (SDT-9cm) but a conductivity of merely 84micSie/s and a salinity of 40mg/l. This means that the particulate material is barely releasing the ions to the lake, simply settles to the bottom only after decades or centuries to gradually dissolve and get resuspended.
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