How do thrust, lift, drag, and torque interact in drone aerodynamics, and how are they controlled through motor speed variations in quadcopters?

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Chuck A Arize

In quadcopter aerodynamics, thrust generated by propeller rotation balances weight for lift, drag resists motion, and torque results from opposing propeller rotations; stability and maneuverability are achieved by varying the speed of each motor, where increasing opposite motors controls roll, adjusting front/back motors controls pitch, and differential speeds control yaw.

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Science method

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