When using the Hummers method in order to oxidize the graphite, we use several amount of H2SO4, when the process is over, the removal of HSO4 results kind of tricky, because, I did wash it with lots of destillate water but, in the results show lots of contamination. Could it be traces of sulphates? How do I know for sure?
The best way to get ultra pure GO after washing/centrifuging is to perform a dialysis step before isolating the GO by freeze drying. This way you can be sure you have removed any excess iona from the GO dispersion.
You need to follow the full procedure of post-synthesis treatment that is described in GO synthesis papers (Hummers, Marcano etc.). That involves a series of washing steps with DI water, HCl, and ethanol, followed by centrifugation (or dialysis). You can find the detailed procedure in my paper:
Normally you can use Barium chloride solution to precipitate the sulfate ion then use filter to get only the GO
you can wash the graphene oxide by water
by decantation
take a small part in a large container and put a large amount of water and leave the container without any movement until the GO fall at the bottom and after that, you can wash GO by methanol with water .
this way will facilitate the cleaning and
repeat this process until PH IS about 6.5 or 7
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