for phosphorylation you have several options

- if you have a confocal use uncaged phosphate. Here is some info

Caged Nucleotides

Photoactivatable nucleotides and phosphates have contributed significantly to our understanding of cytoskeleton dynamics, signal transduction pathways and other critical cellular processes. Some of our caged nucleotides are available with a choice of caging group:

Caged ATP (A1048, ; A1049, ), which has been shown to release ATP in skinned muscle fibers, sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles, submitochondrial particles and membrane fragments containing Na+/K+-ATPase

Caged ADP (A7056, ), which has been used to investigate the molecular basis of contraction of skeletal muscle fibers, as well as transport by an ADP/ATP carrier

Caged cAMP (D1037, ), which is cell-permeant and rapidly photolyzed to cAMP

Caged inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (I23580, ) and caged cADP-ribose (C7074, ), which are important probes for second messenger studies (Calcium Regulation—Section 17.2)

NPE-caged Ins 1,4,5-P3 can be used to generate rapid and precisely controlled release of Ins 1,4,5-P3 in intact cells ( ) and is widely employed in studies of Ins 1,4,5-P3–mediated second messenger pathways. Our NPE-caged Ins 1,4,5-P3 (I23580) is a mixture of the physiologically inert, singly esterified P4 and P5 esters ( ) and does not contain the somewhat physiologically active P1 ester. NPE-caged Ins 1,4,5-P3 exhibits essentially no biological activity prior to photolytic release of the biologically active Ins 1,4,5-P3 (I3716, Calcium Regulation—Section 17.2).

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADP-ribose) is a potent intracellular Ca2+–mobilizing agent that functions as a second messenger in an Ins 1,4,5-P3–independent pathway. Our NPE-caged cADP-ribose (C7074, ) induces Ca2+ mobilization in sea urchin egg homogenates only after photolysis, and this Ca2+ release is inhibited by the specific cADP-ribose antagonist 8-amino-cADP-ribose (A7621, Calcium Regulation—Section 17.2). Furthermore, when microinjected into live sea urchin eggs, NPE-caged cADP-ribose was shown to mobilize Ca2+ and activate cortical exocytosis after illumination with a mercury-arc lamp.

Hello Eliseo,

Thanx for the valuable information. I have access to Confocal microscope facility, but can you please tell me that how these caged molecules will help me to quantify how much signalling is going on in cell upon ligand stimulation. Actually I am particularly interested in studying EGFR signalling upon EGF stimulation.

Thanx again