KNOWLEDGE is always a question of faith and trust. It depends on communication process.

Thanks, you mean the only way is through the communication process. The communication process is itself restricted on the content. For example, grammar and limitation of the words in case of language dialogue.

sure, the sensible world depends on the subject view, while the cold reality is there, beyond our control. We may reach reality if we want, the problem is how our finding is communicated to our peers. Though we have found a cold-mine, scientific circle will devote their attention in discrediting our findings. this is the reason why I said the science rests on trust and faith. see for example the cites, researchers are cited and cites other works following the net of trust it generates.

Hello Payam, it might be possible for an 'expert' to surface some of their tacit knowledge through a process of guided reflection. Some researchers also use the technique of participant observation as a way of noticing aspects of an expert's practice that they might not themselves be aware of. I've used drawings (rich pictures) as a research technique too. Drawing the components of a scenario offers alternative ways of interpreting expert knowledge. Happy to discuss further if you're interested.

Best wishes, Anthea

Hi Anthea, Nice comments. Drawing rich pictures help participants to have the similar impressions regarding their experiences of a particular subject. I wonder whether we are able to develop root definitions so as to codify experts' world views and enrich it by CATWOE. If so, we are restricted to the vocabulary and grammar limitations. This means that based on SSM or the revised version of SSM, we may be able to somehow document or reveal part of tacit knowledge.Do you agree?

Hi Payam, it would be interesting to try! I completely agree with you about the restrictions of vocabulary and grammar (i.e. language as a whole). There's no straightforward way around this, is there? Because if we don't put our knowledge into language it's very difficult to know what it is or to communicate it. I like referring to Heidegger's concept of Dasein when faced with these issues. Perhaps it is possible to reveal these hidden aspects of our existence by focusing on and interpreting things such as mood, everyday use of language, and capacity to act.

Best wishes, Anthea

It would seem that for much which we know tacitly the primary way to attempt the move beyond mere tacit knowing would require engaging in the sort of research which we associate with experimental psychology and psychophysics, or actual research in the physical sciences which could either verify or falsify that which we believe we know through tacit means. The caution which Polanyi and also (surprisingly) Bernard Williams would issue about this sort of undertaking is that "reflection can destroy knowledge" (the phrase is Williams'). Polanyi claims (about things known in a tacit fashion) that "the belief that, since particulars are more tangible, their knowledge offers a true conception of things is fundamentally mistaken." In other words, not all knowledge can be moved beyond the realm of the tacit, and attempts to do so can result in an unsatisfying sort of reductionism.

Trying to trace tacit knowledge regarding the human organism to some organic or empirically verifiable source seems analogous to dissecting a living patient in order to try to find their soul. Without addressing the mind/body problem, both lay people and many scientists tend to share a common perception that there is more than mere stimulus-response activity going on in the human personality. For most people, biological explanations of the totality of human experience are not satisfactory in themselves. So, as regards tacit knowledge of ourselves and our fellow humans, much of our knowledge likely needs to remain tacit, and hopes of making it more tangible may ultimately be ungrounded.

Conversations. Engage people in conversations and find out their use of word and intensity with which they emphasise certain words, sentences to decode their tacitness. Tacit is converted into explicit and then again converted to tacit before it could be applied to take decisions.

Language is limited to the domain of words, its structure (grammar), memory of a speaker and one's ability to make sentences. This process is a kind of encoding process in which it converts intention and meaning of a speaker into sentences. One of the crucial feature of tacit knowledge is that it is not easily codified.

It depends on what kind of explicit knowledge are you seeking for, There are multiple methods, like organizational story telling, implementing expert systems, apprenticeship documenting, in this PHD thesis that I have recently found in ProQuest, The author extended the tacit knowledge concept to 8 forms of personal knowledge

http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/pqdtopen/doc/1431981493.html?FMT=ABS

I think each kind of personal knowledge needs separate kind of extraction.

Abolghasem, Thank you for this thesis. It looks quite interesting. It appears that the rubric for tacit knowledge to which it refers is one with which I am not familiar. I look forward to reading through it.

Cheers,

Bill

Your welcome, I am here because of Professor Hanafizadeh. He is going to introduce us with "Information Economy" in this semester. I invite you to join us in Tehran to attend in his class :)

From one perspective, knowledge may be regarded as personalized information possessed in the mind of individuals: it may or may not be new, unique, useful, or accurate and it is related to facts, procedures, concepts, interpretations, ideas, observations, and judgments (Alavi & Leindner, 2001). Knowledge does not exist outside of an agent (a knower): it is indelibly shaped by one’s needs as

well as one’s initial stock of knowledge (Fahey & Prusak 1998; Tuomi 1999). On the other hand,  knowledge that is explicit and codified is transformed to data, becomes transmittable and ceases to be true knowledge (Soo, Devinney, Midgley & Deering 2002). The individual’s mental models are framed from their prior knowledge and experience, is dynamic and situational, is parsimonious and determine how they act in the world (Craik 1943; Senge, 1990).

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236941623_Building_a_knowledge_society_one_individual_at_a_time_a_multi-level_review

Working Paper Building a knowledge society one individual at a time: a mul...

Dear all,

We did a research in which we have had a step forward in converting tacit knowledge into explicit one. The result is published as an article entitled " Elicitation of Tacit Knowledge Using Soft Systems Methodology ", please read attached article.

By socialization