Since heavy metals may induce the protein aggregation, photometric enzyme assay is not applicable. Then, I would like to recommend the HPLC-photometric enzyme-assay method (please see file J Chrom B rat BIN LIP Km). Thus, successful application onto the thiol-type human serum biotinidase has been achieved by using HPLC-enzyme assay method (please see file Thio-type BIN).
To see whether heavy metals interfere with the activity of an enzyme, you can test the effect of various concentrations of metal salts on the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
To find out whether the enzyme binds to nanoparticles, mix a low concentration of the protein with a high concentration of the nanoparticles, then centrifuge out the nanoparticles and measure the protein concentration in the supernatant. If the protein concentration is reduced, compared to a control protein solution without nanoparticles, then the protein is sticking to the particles.
If you are concerned that heavy metal nanoparticles might be leaching metals that interfere with the activity of the protein, then measure how much of the metal leaks out, using ICP-MS for example, and compare the level that leaks out with the concentration response of the heavy metal on the enzyme activity (see above), to see if it is a significant effect.