I am using titanium isopropoxide to prepare titania sol in aqueous solution for coating.
Very Interesting question, similar to my case. Could you check one of the spesial journal in .... (lets me check first....)
You can use
1. water and isopropanol to initiate the reaction with tetraethoxyorthosilicate (TEOS):H2O:isopropanol(C3H7OH) =1:1:1(molar ratio) using an HCl as catalyst HCl/H2O=2x10-4 (molar ratio), these solution was put into the jacket cell which consists of two vessels, internal and external. Chiller device was used to make the temperature of water which flows through the external vessel constant at 5 C.
After well stirring for 90 min and keeping at room temperature for two days, the iso propanol was evaporated at 50 C, the second hydrolysis was conducted by adding H2O into the solution with the molar ratio of H2O/TEOS =0.5:0.1 at 70-80 C˚.
There are several techniques for stabilization of aqueous titania colloids. You can find some options in a recent review in the Journal of Sol-Gel science and Technology (2013) 68:464–470, where the stabilization by chelating carboxylate ligands is discussed. Another alternative is to precipitate hydrated TiO2 and peptize the nanoparticles by 1 M HNO3 (see Surf. Coat. Technol. 253 (2014) 171–179). Good luck!
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