Doing experiment on different materials mixed with fly ash e.g sand, coarse sand, stone dust, river bed materials, and cement. I want to calculate the porosity of composite material.
Do you intend the internal porosity due to the curing?
In this case you could use ultrasonic method (see ultrasonic NDI).
If you mean the internal porosity, you can also consider the decomposition in acid or in a furnace (it depends on the fibres and matrix) of a sample whose volume and mass are known. In this way you can also obtain the percentage of fiber and matrix in the laminate with few simple calculations.
Dear Bellini could you explain the same in detail which acid, and how to use actually I have got the physical properties of all materials specific gravity, density volume all, and I needed to calculate the amount of water required to mix all materials together that is why I am intersected to calculate the porosity of the same. Last time I had taken the porosity 30% constant through out the experiment but It was just approximate idea not the accurate one. kindly give me your valuable comment............
Sorry, I thought it was a polymeric matrix composite. However, you may refer to the standard EN 1936, which is used to calculate the porosity of natural stone.
you can calculate the quantity of materials corresponding to a assumed porosity based on their sp.gravity , their ratio and the known volume of the container. Then try to achieve the sample corresponding to that porosity corresponding to a known compactive effort. then if you observe that more material can be added and then again repeat the procedure by assuming less value of porosity and vice versa. then try to get the optimum porosity corresponding to a known compactive effort.
You can use a non-distructive technique such as X-ray nano or micro-computed tomography; in this way, recreating a 3D image of your sample by image reconstruction, you can calculate the porosity as percentage of the pore volume respect the total analyzed volume.
You can calculate theoretical porosity by summing up the weighted average of porosity of all components of the mix OR you might get the actual mix porosity, experimentally, using the traditional method and/or advanced radiological methods , I think
Thank Dr. Ziad Al-Ghazawi for your suggestion and nice discussion
Check https://eproceeding.undiksha.ac.id/cache/lnffa1/soil-porosity-formula-328c90
Also check https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1040/1/012049/pdf
Thank you Dr. Chinaza Godswill Awuchi for sharing these links
Check ✔️..
https://www.researchgate.net/deref/https%3A%2F%2Fiopscience.iop.org%2Farticle%2F10.1088%2F1742-6596%2F1040%2F1%2F012049%2Fpdf
Whereas, Several methods can be employed to measure porosity: Direct methods (determining the bulk volume of the porous sample, and then determining the volume of the skeletal material with no pores (pore volume = total volume − material volume).
Thank you, Dr. Ca Dr. Gaurav Bhambri for a nice explanation
I think these could help you;
They're available on the ResearchGate Server for download.
You can go ahead with an estimate of the overall porosity calculated as the weighted average of porosity of the various materials in the mix. A better alternative is to experimentally find out the porosity of your material mix whose apparatus is available in any material or soil laboratory of Civil Eng departments
Dear Mohammad Nadeem Akhtar ,
Infrared Thermography is a good option. I would like to help you with the following research article:
Article The Measurement of Porosity in Composite Materials Using Inf...
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