Cassie, thanks for seeking more clarity on this question. Clarity will spring up answers. You got it almost completely. By institution I mean formal laws or regulations, political system, and informal laws including local customs. By organisation I mean the people, community, society, state or nation that formulate or operate the laws or play the politics. 

Thank you Guillermo. Your response is useful. Yes, I intend to have the question broad and I am good with specific responses. The key puzzle is two-fold: ( i) how different  groups of people, different states or different nations are able to converge to achieve the common goal of climate change adaptation and mitigation in midst of their different legislation or different sociopolitical jurisdictions. ii) how can a group of people, a state or a nation contribute to the attainment of the goal of adaptation or mitigation in the midst of her legislation or customs which may not be in support of the goal.You have unveiled the complexity of the situation and the need for convergence with respect to the situation (i). 

Thank you too for following on this question Guillermo. So can you explain any of the models which has successfully attained or is achieving any of the stated goals and how?

Are there models like the Arctic Council in the Atlantic region, for example? To what extent has CAFF addressed environmental problems within her spatial and political scales?

I agree with Cassie, the question is too broad and doubt you will get the best response. You need to be more specific about your intention and focus while asking such question. That said, speaking from an African context, institutional interaction is often generally underplayed when dealing with policy formations (such as policies on adaptation and mitigation). In most developing african countries, there is always a continues interaction between formal and informal institutions, which often leads to evolution of new institutions that are the actual institutions in use by the stakeholders (what you refer to as organisation). 

Thank you Olalekan, Let me tow the line of narrowing far down to what used to happen in rural communities in Africa. Some living things in the forest and in the rivers were forbidden by some village traditions and folklore in years past and these helped the conservation of our natural resources.  How has the birth of formal laws, including organisations such as forest management committees in villages helped to shape the advantages of natural resource conservation provided by the folklore or traditions? Meanwhile, thank you for your answer which seem to resolve this question to some extent.

Dear Egbe

The paper I have attached deals with some of the barriers to decision making for adaptation to climate change, and how formal and informal institutions interact with societal values and various forms of knowledge. It might help with the context for your question (which is a critical one for understanding adaptation and mitigation). Cheers, Matt

Thank you Matt,

 The paper will provide very useful answers.