In a review article (Non-locality beyond quantum mechanics, Nature Physics, Vol 10, April 2014) in page # 2, under the subtitle `Nonlocality’, the author Sandu popescu has written the following:
“Quantum particles, therefore, somehow communicate with each other superluminally. One could wonder if this doesn’t immediately contradict Einstein’s relativity. Here is precisely where the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics comes into play. All that Alice and Bob can immediately see are the probabilities of their experiments; to learn the joint probabilities takes time………………
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So, in Shimony’s words, the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics allows for the “peaceful co-existence of relativity and nonlocality”: the particles could communicate to each other superluminally, but the experimentalists cannot use them to communicate superluminally with each other.”
The author says that the quantum particles indeed communicate superluminally and questions whether Einstein’s relativity was in contradicted or not. Then says that the probabilistic nature of the quantum mechanics rescues the situation. And the claim is that to learn the join probabilities we take time. So what? In fact the quantum particles’ superluminal communication comes into light only after learning the joint probabilities. Then how does it matter whether they take time or not? Generally, in many experiments, we collect data and then analyze it later to derive any conclusion about the physical process. The same is true even in entanglement experiments. I just don’t understand how `the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics allows for the “peaceful co-existence of relativity and nonlocality’? This is highly misleading statement and a kind of escapism. Just because the experimentalists cannot use the entanglement to communicate superluminally with each other? What happened to the cosmic speed limit of relativity during the moment entangled particles communicated superluminally? Definitely both `superluminal’ and `finite speed limit’ cannot coexist. That may be one reason Why Einstein abandoned spooky action at a distance in favor of relativity.
My conclusion is that just because we cannot make use of the entanglement for superluminal communication does not imply that `spooky action at a distance’ is respecting the special theory of relativity…..Please correct me if I am wrong.
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