What international/national healthcare policies are there for frailty in older people? I am aware of the UK's GP contract, where all GPs are identifying those with frailty in primary care. Australia (my country) has no policies at all. What are other countries doing?
Speaking in the UK, I'm not sure us GPs are actually paying much attention to frailty scores, which run in the background on our computers with minimum requirements around them beyond what *should* be usual care - just another annoying bit of data added to patient records. There is a bit of clinician fatigue with this after the previous admission avoidance contractual measure, which was more burdensome and also I am not aware of any benefit (so logically probably caused great harm by taking away clinicial and financial resources from elsewhere). I wonder if there is more interest in gathering the data from GP practices and building on this in future than there is in the current contract around frailty scores making a difference currently.
In Korea, there are three types of case management (CM) services. One of them is a community-based CM services for the vulnerable members of society, i.e., the elderly and/or disabled. For details, please try to search published articles in several databases using "Korean" and "Case Management".
Recently clinics have been established for elderly people which provide health services, indoor treatment and rehabilitation.
Frailty is a quite broad concept. It can address socioeconomic frailty, health conditions frailty, and frailty related to old age/chronic diseases.
Normally, Health Care Systems based on equity principles try to identify and support people with frailty. Community care is generally devoted to support people with frailty, through different kind of services distributed on the territory. With reference to long term care, which in a way addressees frailty in health conditions, you may be interested in reading the following articles.
· Brenna E, Gitto L. (2017) To what extent is long-term care representative of elderly care? A case study of elderly care financing in Lombardy, Italy. Int J Health Policy Manag. 2017 Feb 25;6(8):467-471. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2017.22
· Brenna E., Gitto L. (2017) Long-term care and elderly care in Europe: are they good synonyms? Rivista Internazionale di Scienze Sociali, 3/2017
In Portugal where I did my PhD about Patient Portals, there is no specific measure to address this topic and most of the users in Portugal are younger and more educated than the average, and the usage patterns whithin older people is still very low