currently most African countries' agricultural policies are focused on increase food production and food self sufficiency. But population and urbanization are increasing at a faster rate than food production increment. Temporarily or unsustainable food increment is due to land extensification rather than improved technology as attested by many. If this scenario is true in Africa (Nigeria), then our children will be in trouble in a near future. we need urgent policies to check this anti - sustainable development in Africa.
By the year 2025, 83 per cent of the expected global population of 8.5 billion will be living in developing countries. Yet the capacity of available resources and technologies to satisfy the demands of this growing population for food and other agricultural commodities remains uncertain. Agriculture has to meet this challenge, mainly by increasing production on land already in use and by avoiding further encroachment on land that is only marginally suitable for cultivation.
(a)Agricultural policy review, planning and integrated programming in the light of the multifunctional aspect of agriculture, particularly with regard to food security and sustainable development;
(b) Ensuring people's participation and promoting human resource development for sustainable agriculture;
(c) Improving farm production and farming systems through diversification of farm and non-farm employment and infrastructure development;
(d) Land-resource planning information and education for agriculture;
(e) Land conservation and rehabilitation;
(f) Water for sustainable food production and sustainable rural development; (g) Conservation and sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources for food and sustainable agriculture;
(h) Conservation and sustainable utilization of animal genetic resources for sustainable agriculture;
(i) Integrated pest management and control in agriculture;
(j) Sustainable plant nutrition to increase food production;
(k) Rural energy transition to enhance productivity;
(l) Evaluation of the effects of ultraviolet radiation on plants and animals caused by the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer.
yes I think we need high yield crop and grain varieties and also we need to reduce losses in harvesting , storing and food processing.
we need to manage resources and use marginal land for food and fodder production
Close the gap between current and potential labor and land productivity. One way of doing it is by promoting/adapting precision/digital agriculture (see IICA's seminar on this topic: https://goo.gl/kAi4Kn) and agricultural mechanization (https://goo.gl/D5sSx8) among small/medium farmers.
By increasing productivity using available technology, one will see a huge increase in food production worldwide, more than enough to feed everyone. If complemented with efficient markets of productos, inputs, labor and land, we must be able to meet food security and nutrition requirements in a sustainable manner.
Diversification of agriculture is an important instrument of risk management for small farmers. Improving productivity through sustainable means coupled with diversification of farming system would be an appropriate model.
Diversification in agricultural exploitation is related to the multifunctionality of agriculture. These are, however, two distinct concepts. While multifunctionality refers to the effects or properties of agriculture and specifically to the diversity of ouputs that directly and indirectly produces, whether marketable or not, and to the effects derived from this fact, diversification in agricultural exploitation focuses on the characteristics of exploitation as a productive unit and on the productive orientation towards marketable goods and services as a result of decisions made by those responsible. In this sense, farm diversification can contribute to multifunctionality (for example, by enhancing the economic viability of rural areas) and / or to value some aspects of it (eg landscape), but these are two different concepts .
Agricultural growth in the recent decade has been interesting on many accounts: divergence in agricultural income increased, specific regions being specialized towards certain crops, total factor productivity growth decelerated at least in the high productivity region of the country. Such growth pattern influences employment, poverty and equity in a region. Efficiency also assumes greater importance in an opening economy. The efficiency and equity related problems in Indian agriculture often depend on the state of technology and status of natural resources in a region. These factors often vary across regions; therefore, region specific studies in relation to long-run efficiency and equity of agriculture would be prioritized in the unit.
The above answers are great, I just have to add population control and family planning to balance population and food production.
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