FTIR spectroscopy is the one of best method to characterize functional groups, bonding types, nature of compounds and lot more information. In my research work, I used FTIR spectroscopy most frequently for characterize bonding type of functional ligands onto NPs and also to determine functionalities existing onto nanoparticles. FTIR is much more sensitive and it may response ppb levels too. So we can use this technique for very dilute level of compounds. But we need to more careful during IR interpretations.
To analyze FTIR here's the brief procedure: Determine the X-axis and the Y-axis of the spectrum. The X-axis of an IR spectrum is labeled as "Wavenumber" and ranges in number from 400 on the far right to 4,000 on the far left. The X-axis provides the absorption number. The Y-axis is labeled as "Percent Transmittance" and ranges in number from 0 on the bottom and 100 at the top. Then, Determine the characteristic peaks in the IR spectrum. All IR spectra contain many peaks. However, determine the large peaks on the spectrum because they will provide the data necessary to read the spectrum.
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Barakat Kamel Depends on your functional groups of course. In nanoparticles, you could find a new signal at lower wavenumbers when is compared with pure compounds.