Climate change is expected to have negative impacts on agriculture and food security in many regions, particularly in developing countries highly dependent on rain- fed agriculture. Over the last 50–60 years, a rich and extensive body of work on agricultural development economics has been developed, aimed at supporting agricultural growth and food security. Over time this work has been augmented with insights and techniques from natural resource and environmental economics, as well as behavioral and institutional economics.
The vulnerability of the agricultural sector to adverse events is increasing at a rapid, steep and broad scale, which implies a need for innovative measures to reduce the exposure and sensitivity of the agricultural sector, and also to increase adaptive capacity.
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The principal sources of fluctuations in global food production in developing countries
have been affected by climate variability. The important risks of increasing global warming are variable and untimely rainfall events, unstable winter/summer seasons, more disease occurrences and crop failures.
Microbial communities associated with plant growing in most diverse conditions, including extremes of acidity, alkalinity, salinity, and temperature and water deficiency, have been sorted out and characterized for potential biotechnological application in agricultures, medical, industry and environments. These extremophilic microbiomes associated with plant microbes have developed adaptive features which permit them to grow and survive
under such extreme environmental conditions.
I think that FAO Climate Smart Agriculture methodology has Impacted on agriculture and food security
Use of fronline demonstration on this issue is lacking ,with the result, farmers belief is missing ,except certain areas...
Climate Smart Agriculture is one of FAO’s strategic objectives that seeks to transform agricultural production systems in a way that is compatible with the changing climate. The question as to whether this approach has impacted agriculture and food security is a difficult one that cannot be sufficiently answered without good data. The conclusions of researches conducted in some developing countries showed a positive impact on agricultural production, reduction in the poverty status of farmers, and decreased pollution from agricultural practices.
However, there are still some questions arising about the concept and the methodology used. A major one is the need to define and operationalize the concept of resilience and adaptive capacity in the context of agricultural growth for food security (Economic and Social Development Department, FAO).
I agree there might be need for certain adjustments, especially for individual countries as one-size-fits all approach may not be effective. But this does not annul the fact that FAO CSA has positively impacted agriculture and food security in some countries.
CSA FAO should enforce implementation to be able to do monitoring and evaluation.
CSA under FAO framework needs to be adjusted considering the regional differences in agropedological conditions...And minimum level of evaluation should be at watershed level...
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