I'd like to ask if any of you can recommend any reading on gender bias in psychological diagnosis. I'm interested in a broad approach to gender - i.e., publications that go beyond the binary division between male and female genders. The issue is quite decently described in terms of differences in diagnoses depending on whether the symptoms are manifested by women or men, but I cannot find any interesting research on the diagnosis/ misdiagnosis of mental disorders for people who identify as, for example, non-binary or transgender. I'd be grateful for any help!
C. Sannibale, wayne Hall "Gender related symptoms and correlates of alcohol dependence among men and with a lifetime diagnosis of alcohol use disorders
I am more interested in gender bias in diagnosis than gender-specific symptoms of psychological disorders/mental illnesses. But maybe I'll find some inspiration there! Thanks
First of all, male and female pertain to assignment of sex. Gender pertains to behavior in various gender behavior categories. In Western culture, there are two such categories, masculine/boy/man and feminine/girl/woman but in other cultures there may be up to 5. There is a pretty good literature on sex differences in medical or mental health diagnoses but none on gender that I know of. "Transgender" and "non-binary" gender behaviors are not diagnoses because they are not pathological categories. But there are studies that they co-occur with autism which have been discredited due to clinical bias and the use of unvalidated psychological tests.
Thank you for replying. I never implied that "Transgender/non-binary" are pathologies. What I wanted to know is if people who don't identify themselves as male or female tend to be misdiagnosed because of their gender identity. I have read in mass media for example about gender-fluid teens who were misdiagnosed as "psychotic" because of their identity, but I cannot find any valid research on the issue. In contrast to gender bias in diagnosis pertaining to male/female (e.g. personality disorders).
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