I have no doubt that if some of the limitations that the current use of different types of the electric vehicles are overcome, such the necessary infrastructure to support the use of this type of vehicles and the size to the storage capacity of electricity to allow the car to move independently of recharge hundreds of km,among other technical aspects, then the use of the electric vehicles is a feasible solution, but not the only one.
The recent developments of electric vehicles are a mixture of different influences that should be braught in a systematic order to answer your question. One aspect is a pure design aspect that has been already used by Ferdinand Porsche in the early 20th century by replacing the mechanical parts of the power train by an electric drive. Thus the engine and the wheels had no mechanical coupling and only the generator was connected with the engine. This was an intelligent compromise because at this time electric cars driven by batteries have been seen as an interesting option. The high energy density of hydrocarbons allowed the needed high range leading to the success of combustion engines with mechanical power trains produced in cost effective mass production. However under an energetic and thermodynamic view this replacement of horses by engines or batteries wasted still a lot of energy during slowing down and riding downhill. Possible mechanical systems by storing energy in rotating masses were too expensive and not really feasible for stability reasons. The improvement of power electronics at the end of the 20th century made electric drives interesting again and consequently the battery succeded as an ideal recovery system. So the energy system of these hybrid cars consistes of two different devices a battery as recovery system for slowing down and riding downhill and a power supply system only needed to replace the irreversible losses of the vehicle. Today we still use here combustion engines in hybrid cars. The main benefit is beside the high energy density the fast recharging of energy by fueling. So the discussion is now focused on the needed energy supply of an electric power train. The parameters for the competition of systems are energy density resulting in range and charging time. The benchmark is the classic car. So the classic hybrid car is still the most interesting candidate. The further development now depends on the further investment in logistics and in the development of other power supply systems. All the aspects of energy supply can be easily avoided if we don't need a complete autonomous operation, than we could install along the roads an electric power supply like railways and would only need a small battery for the short distance of autonomous operation without grid connection. Other options would be using fuel cells and a hydrogen infrastructure, or depending on the sucees of research developing electrolytes with high energy density and using flow batteries that could be refueled by an exchange of electrolyte. So the long term development ist still open but on a short term the most effective way is using hybrid cars with efficient combustion engines. The fuel logistics is available and thus no extra investment is needed. The question of coal seems not to be relevant here yet because hybrid cars are the most interesting solution today and on longer term the power suplly will shift to more renewable sources and then we can better see in an evolutionary process what will be the trend in developing new power systems. For supporting this overview I attach links to two lectures I gave at Tohoku University in Sendai, Japan
Conference Paper Green transportation-a challenge for European automotive industry
Data 2014-Sendai Oct. 2014 Winkler-slides
Conference Paper Green transportation - automotive integration options in sus...
I think yes, electric cars are feasible and desirable.
For the time being, batteries are still an issue. Just because they store so much less energy than a smaller and much lighter gasoline tank. But we can expect at least these two advances in the future:
1. Batteries improving. If they can store more energy than they do now, and are improved to be recharged faster, eventually we should see a point where battery-powered electric cars are more generally usable.
2. Fuel cell technology improves, and perhaps even hydrogen reformer technology. With fuel cells, the car does not rely on a battery to store the energy, but either on a hydrogen tank (very high pressure!) or on hydrogen gas extracted from hydrocarbon fuels, via an on-board hydrogen reformer.
So, for the time being, the practical solution is hybrid cars, in which the most inefficient aspects of internal combustion engines are eliminated by the electric drive, while the energy carried on board the car is not limited by the battery technology.
Thank you Sir @Wolfgang Georg Winkler, Albert Manfredi, Jorge Morales Pedraza,Mushtaq Ahma for your contributions and discussing on the topic.papers by sir Wolfgang Georg Winkler are really helpful.
I too agree and in-favour of electric vehicles , but unable to understand why people/manufactures (e-autorickshaws) are prompting the vehicle solely dependent upon electricity(only battery) .I think immense research has been done but still there is scope in lowering down the cost of hybrid vehicle , so as to make it in-reach of common people!!! any suggestions?
Many thanks for your comments. Hybrid vehicles will dominate the transit period from the current types of vehicles to the full use of the electric vehicles. The reason is very simple. Many countries could not assume the cost of changing the whole oil infrastructure to the one based only on electricity. How long this period could take; this is something difficult to predict now, but for sure will take some decades or more.
Eventhough battery prices are going down day after day, they are still very expensive and make EV unaffordable for common people.
EV, as it is now, should not be understood as a substitutive of common ICE vehicles. They need special charging infrastructure, you need to install a charger at home, you cannot drive long distances and fast charging is not desirable (neither for the battery aging, nor for the electric infrastructure, as 50kW are a huge amount of power to be delivered). Fast charge can be done, but not as a common thing to do. Thus, EV is a good sollution if you know you are doing less than 100km per day or if you have another car.
Additionally, it industry is yet not prepared to substitute all cars to EV, It won't happen in the next 20 years.
Moreover, as EV needs electricity, their emissions are linked to the production of electricity MIX, being not so interesting in many countries (even inside europe, such as Germany, Netherlands or Italy...). So we should be carefull when saying that EV is so good. It is, (and it will be more profitable in the future) but it depends on many factors. Read the article: Sustainability analysis of the electric vehicle use in Europe for CO2 emissions reduction
If 70% of the electricity comes from coal, I don't think it is so desirable in a nearby future.
Battery replacement should'nt be the main concern. They degradate, again, depending on many factors, but they are expected to endure more than 10 years and even then, most EV owners won't even feel this degradation and will continue using it until the End of Life of the whole vehicle. Read the article THE ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY AGEING AND HOW IT IS PERCEIVED BY ITS DRIVER
So EV will definatelly enter, but it is not the solution to transportation and pollution. The sollution comes, basically from degrouth.
@Lluc Canals Casals , many thanks for shedding light on the said topic and sharing your very factual and informative article from "Journal of Cleaner Production" .