Any sense of value used in any algorithm, ranking or rating is (or should be) the product of a decision making task, process or effort, carried out by humans. This is the subject of the wide scientific area of Decision Making Theory (within Operations research, mathematics, etc).

So the sense of value comes from human values. There is an excellent book about this that you might want to consider, called "Value focused thinking" from Ralph Keeney (it already became a classic). 

I did not understand what you mean with "critical organized".

Good luck.

Hi Fernando,

I speak about the question of automatized computing and big data. I refer to the opacity of management algorithms, I talk about the logic of its results, the necessity of having to create professional roles and social figures that decode their structure. Many delicate decisions about people's lives are based on this.

To think only in human decision means to forget the strength of ideology of effectiveness technological as well as its false neutrality.

Thank a lot!

Vania

Some references:

V Mayer-Schönberger, K Cukier, Big Data: A revolution that will transform how we live, work, and think (2013).

All Watched Over by Algorithms https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4nPJbC1cPTE