I am new in organic materials such as surfactant, and I would like to get any link with an introduction regarding my question especially bicontinuous phase.
There has been some great research undertaken in silicone hydrogel contact lens research where continuous pathways exist in these heterogeneous materials. A range of chemical processes have been applied to achieve these from mesophase polymerisation, diluents, alcohol and subsequent extraction. The key issue was that they had to remain transparent!!
Not an expert, and probably too late for you. For others: there's a lot of literature and reviews on the subject. Assuming you meant non-liquid crystalline mesoporous materials: some of the key ideas one has to consider are
(theoretically) the mesophases of the surfactant (look for phase diagrams, the hlb index, regions of stability, and volume fractions of each phase. eg some surf. are soluble in solvent so people crosslink the surfactant to prevent solvation, others tailor the drying process to end up in the phase they want), and the conceptual templating process (eg true liquid crystal templating vs evaporation induced self-assembly routes).
(Practically) how to clean substrates, how to control the conditions (you have a ~24 hour window where humidity, temp., etc fluctuation affect the final phase structure), how to consistently get the surfactants into equilibrium (eg if crystals form this will often disrupt the more fragile cubic phases (eg bicontinous gyroid)
I've misplaced my references from when I was curious in the field, but think "Designed synthesis of mesoporous solids via nonionic-surfactant-templating approach" by Ying Wan, Yifeng Shia, and Dongyuan Zhao would be a good start. The books "Nanoporous Materials: Science and Engineering" edited by G.Q. Lu and X.S. Zhao, and "Self-assembled Supramolecular Architectures: Lyotropic Liquid Crystals" edited by N. Garti, P. Somasundaran, and R. Mezzenga both have several useful chapters on different aspects of the mesoporous ideas.
Article Designed Synthesis of Mesoporous Solids via Nonionic-Surfact...
Article Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Architectures. Lyotropic Liqui...
Book Nanoporous Materials: Science and Engineering, Vol. 4
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