Hi have someone here work with primary astrocytes culture and know what is the difference between GFAP and S100 marker?
Hey Vanessa,
astrocytes express both, s100ß and gfap. here are some more specific ones:
-early astrocytes express: STAT3, SMAD1, SMAD4, NF1A are activated à initiate expression of GFAP, S-100β and GLAST (EAAT1/2 in humans); CD44, vimentin, Cx43
mature astrocytes express GLT1, low GFAP, GLAST, ALDOC, ALDH1L1, AQP4
Best,
Jule
Hi Vanessa,
S100 is a family of calcium-binging proteins that can be expressed even in neurons. Only S-100β express in astrocytes. GFAP labels only intermediate filaments in both cytoplasm and processes. S-100β labels within cytoplasm surrounding nucleus. I prefer to work with GFAP antibodies.
Good luck.
Tatyana
Hi Vanessa, all answers are correct. I will add that S100B also labels oligodendrocyte precursors and that is extremely important in primary astrocytic culture (where all of us have a proportion of those cells). On the other hand, with GFAP (at least in vitro) you are (almost) sure that GFAP+ cells are astrocytes. In vivo, the story is more complicated, with a population of glial cells that are low GFAP, and the combitation with other markers is highly desirable. Finally, we and others published that S100B is released from astrocytes (probably as a DAMP), so you can see low S100B not because expression or cell type, but because the acute release of the protein. This is another thing to take into account both in vitro and in vivo when using S100B immunostaining
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