Hello;
In terms of learning and memory, do you think that proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 may act differently in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus?
I've some data that shows TNF-alpha and IL-1beta are reduced in the prefrontal cortex but increased in the hippocampus in the animals with impaired learning and memory scores in Morris Water Maze and Novel Object Recognition tests. In my opinion, it may possible that the neurotoxin that I used may reduce live cells and cause to detect a lower amount of proinflammatory cytokines. However, since the level of them are higher in the hippocampus (as expected) I can not make any connection with that difference between prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
Of course, there are some papers reporting the diverse role of those cytokines in different conditions, however, I could not find the proper and clear answer for my case.
Thank you for your help.
Kind Regards.
Hello,
In may be due to the glial difference between the two regions. The ratio neuron/glial cell is lower in hippocampus than in prefrontal cortex.
Article Neocortical and hippocampal neuron and glial cell numbers in...
Article Cell Densities in the Mouse Brain: A Systematic Review
Inflammatory reaction may also be different between region depending on neurotoxin injection mode. However, if there are papers on the opposite role of these cytokines in brain regions I am also interested!
Best Regards
Hello,
In may be due to the glial difference between the two regions. The ratio neuron/glial cell is lower in hippocampus than in prefrontal cortex.
Article Neocortical and hippocampal neuron and glial cell numbers in...
Article Cell Densities in the Mouse Brain: A Systematic Review
Inflammatory reaction may also be different between region depending on neurotoxin injection mode. However, if there are papers on the opposite role of these cytokines in brain regions I am also interested!
Best Regards
Dear Lucas Le Roy ,
Thank you for sharing your idea and papers. It may help as well.
Here are the things that I found;
According to a recent paper, neurotoxins as rotenone may impair the pro-inflammatory response and abrogate the LPS/IFN-γ-induced increase of the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory markers (in vitro).
Article Parkinsonian Neurotoxins Impair the Pro-inflammatory Respons...
You may be interested in the paper of Mitra et al.., in which they showed TNF-alpha levels are increased in the frontal cortex and substantia nigra but not in the hippocampus.
Article Gender Specific Brain Regional Variation of Neurons, Endogen...
I may interpret my decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines in the striatum and prefrontal cortex since these tissues are more vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction than the hippocampus. Because I induced neuroinflammation by rotenone every continuous day (for 28 days), the number of damaged cells was gradually increased and rotenone blocked the mitochondrial respiratory chain. There are some studies that show rotenone reduced inflammatory cytokine levels as a result of inhibiting mitochondrial complex I in damaged cells. This is not case for neuroinflammation but may help.
Article Rotenone Remarkably Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Inflammatio...
Kind Regards,
Dilara
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