Diamonds form in the upper mantle during episodic events and have been transported to the Earth's surface from at least the Archean to the Phanerozoic as the Iran crust is younger(600–500 Ma) than that. so it's impossible to find any diamond deposits in Iran.
* Stern, Bob & Shafaii Moghadam, Hadi & Pirouz, Mortaza & Mooney, Walter. (2021). The Geodynamic Evolution of Iran. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 49. 9-36. 10.1146/annurev-earth-071620-052109
* Gurney, John & Helmstaedt, Herwart & Richardson, Stephen & Shirey, S.. (2010). Diamonds through Time. Economic Geology. 105. 689-712. 10.2113/gsecongeo.105.3.689.
Could have diamonds bearing rocks If it has a kimberlyte or lamproite intrusion as primary source, it depends of satellite minerals assemble as secundary provenance.
Not at all sure, but what about around Afghanistan border (e.g. close to Badakhshan)? They do have significant mineral deposit. Alpide belt goes straight way through here, and who knows, if there is any magmatism related with it (perhaps Mt. Damavand a bit far way). On the southern side, where perhaps near the arabian plate (technically south rather than southeast) can there be any? I do think chances of getting diamond-bearing rocks from oceanic crust a bit too rare. And what about Sulaiman and Kirthar Mountain ranges bordering Pakistan (I think those are Tethys-aged, aren't they?)
You do not indicate which size of diamonds you mean, microdiamonds or macrodiamonds? That is very important point, because macrodiamonds are known just within Archean - early Proterozoic platforms. Iran, Afghanistan and Central Asia have pieces only Late Proterozoic platforms. Thus you can find some publications about microdiamond finding in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Israel and Surya.