I want to know more about gas and oil reservoirs in world.
70% of oil deposits existing today were formed in the Mesozoic age (252 to 66 million years ago), 20% were formed in the Cenozoic age (65 million years ago), and only 10% were formed in the Paleozoic age (541 to 252 million years ago).
Kenya is at the nascent stages of oil and gas exploration and development. We can discuss more.
One reason for the abundance of oil accumulations in Mesozoic rocks is the abundance of god quality source rocks of Jurassic / Cretaceous age ( Hanifa in the Middle East / La Luna in South America / Kimmeridge in NW Europe). This in turn was controlled by the configuration of continents & oceans which prevented the formation of polar ice caps. The lack of polar ice caps prevented effective oceanic circulation and consequently the transport of oxygen to deep marine waters (cf the modern Black Sea). This poor oceanic circulation gave rise to prolific source rock deposition.
La respuesta a esta pregunta, es compleja. Primero, las principales rocas generadoras de Hidrocarburos a nivel mundial son del Cretácico (Euclides et. at., 1991), lo que quiere decir que la mayoría del petróleo y gas a nivel mundial fueron generados por rocas de esa edad. Sin embargo el momento geológico en que ocurrió la generación fue finales Mesozoico y principio Cenozoico pues esas rocas madres cretácicas necesitaron encerrarse lo suficiente para alcanzar la temperatura adecuada para generar Hidrocarburos
The biogenic theory of the origin of petroleum dates to the 1800s when TS Hunt of the Canadian Geological Survey concluded in 1863 that organic matter in some Paleozoic rocks must be derived from marine vegetation or marine animals - with transformation following a similar process to the formation of coal that was theorized in the mid 1700s. Organic-rich strata were deposited throughout Earth’s history, in nearly all geologic environments, and in most sedimentary basins.
Abiotic theories also arose in the 1860s with the work of French chemist Berthelot and in the 1870s with the work of Mendeleev that was further refined in the early 1900s. In the 1950s, a modernized version of Mendeleev's hypothesis emerged that relied upon a thermodynamic argument.
The following references provide further detail - but the answer to the question remains unresolved:
- https://portal.abuad.edu.ng/lecturer/documents/1507982749The_Origin_of_Petroleum.pdf
- https://dspmuranchi.ac.in/pdf/Blog/Origin%20of%20Petroleum.pdf
- https://courses.seas.harvard.edu/climate/eli/Courses/EPS281r/Sources/Origin-of-oil/thomas%201985.pdf
- https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/aapg/aapgbull/article-abstract/58/1/3/36897/Inorganic-Origin-of-Petroleum-1
- https://geoconvention.com/wp-content/uploads/abstracts/2015/297_GC2015_The_Origin_of_Petroleum.pdf
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