Trade wars, characterized by the imposition of tariffs and other trade barriers between countries, have complex and often detrimental effects on the domestic economy and global economic integration.

Harm to the Domestic Economy:

• Increased Costs for Consumers and Businesses: Tariffs raise the price of imported goods, making them more expensive for domestic consumers. Businesses that rely on imported inputs also face higher production costs, which can reduce their competitiveness.
• Reduced Export Competitiveness: Retaliatory tariffs imposed by other countries can harm domestic exporters by making their products more expensive in foreign markets, leading to decreased sales and potential job losses.
• Supply Chain Disruptions: Trade wars can disrupt established supply chains, forcing businesses to find alternative sources for inputs, which can be costly and time-consuming.
• Economic Uncertainty: The unpredictability of trade policies during a trade war can create uncertainty for businesses, discouraging investment and hiring.
• Inflation: Higher import prices due to tariffs can contribute to inflation, reducing consumers' purchasing power.

Impact on Economic Globalization:

• Deglobalization Trends: Trade wars undermine the principles of free trade and economic integration that underpin globalization. They can lead to a fragmentation of the global economy into competing blocs.
• Reduced Foreign Investment: The uncertainty created by trade wars can deter foreign investment, as companies become hesitant to invest in countries involved in trade disputes.
• Weakened International Institutions: Trade wars can strain relationships between countries and weaken international institutions like the World Trade Organization (WTO), which are designed to promote and regulate global trade.
• Shift in Trade Patterns: Trade wars can lead to a shift in trade patterns as countries seek alternative trading partners to avoid tariffs. This can lead to inefficiencies and disruptions in the global trading system.

While some argue that trade wars can protect domestic industries and create jobs, the consensus among economists, dear Dariusz Prokopowicz , is that the negative effects generally outweigh the benefits. Trade wars can lead to higher prices, reduced economic growth, and increased uncertainty, ultimately harming both the domestic economy and the process of globalization.

Best: stephen

Trade wars based on high tariffs generally harm the domestic economy in the long run. While they may temporarily protect certain industries, they lead to higher costs for consumers and businesses by increasing the price of imported goods. This can reduce consumer spending, disrupt supply chains, and limit market access for exporters. Additionally, retaliatory tariffs from other countries can harm domestic industries that rely on foreign markets, ultimately slowing economic growth and reducing job opportunities.

Trade wars based on high tariffs generally harm the domestic economy. While they may protect certain domestic industries in the short term, they often lead to higher prices for consumers, supply chain disruptions, and retaliation from trading partners. These effects can reduce overall economic efficiency, harm businesses that rely on global markets, and slow economic growth. In the long run, trade wars tend to create uncertainty, discourage investment, and potentially lead to job losses in industries that face retaliatory tariffs.

Trade wars based on high tariffs often harm the domestic economy more than they help. While tariffs may offer short-term protection for certain industries, they usually lead to higher consumer prices, reduced export competitiveness, and retaliation from trade partners. Studies by the IMF and WTO show that such policies can disrupt global supply chains and slow economic growth. In the long term, protectionism tends to undermine productivity and innovation, especially in open and interconnected economies.

Trade wars driven by high tariffs tend to harm the domestic economy more than they help. While they may offer short-term protection for select industries, they often lead to higher consumer prices, retaliatory measures from other countries, and reduced export competitiveness. Studies from the IMF and World Bank indicate that prolonged tariff conflicts disrupt supply chains and hinder long-term growth by discouraging investment and innovation. Overall, the economic costs typically outweigh the intended protective benefits.

They obviously harm the domestic economy. Any tariff is paid by the consumer in the end.

Dear Researchers, Scientists, Friends,

The question, "Do trade wars that limit international trade through high tariffs help or harm the domestic economy, and how do they affect economic globalization?" remains, in my opinion, extremely relevant and crucial for understanding the dynamics of contemporary economic relations, and further, in-depth analysis of its complex consequences is absolutely necessary. From my research and observations to date, while in certain specific and short-term situations, protectionist interventions may bring limited benefits to some sectors of the economy, in the medium and long term, as well as in the context of the global economy, the negative effects of trade wars prevail. The relevance of this question is constantly reinforced by the escalations of trade tensions observed in recent years between significant economic powers, which tangibly affect global supply chains, inflation levels, and economic growth prospects. In the future, it will be crucial to investigate the transmission mechanisms that cause the negative effects of trade wars to spread to other sectors and countries, how innovation and technology flows react to these conflicts, and what adaptive strategies businesses adopt in the face of increasing trade barriers. New research areas could include analyzing the impact of trade wars on the regionalization of trade and the emergence of new economic blocs, evaluating the effectiveness of various trade policy instruments in achieving their intended goals, and examining the impact of uncertainty related to trade wars on investment decisions and consumer sentiment. The determinants shaping the final balance of trade wars are undoubtedly the size and structure of the initiating country's economy, the degree of its integration into global value chains, the reactions of trading partners, and the flexibility and innovativeness of enterprises. I would like to thank all researchers and analysts for their past contributions to this important discussion. I am open to any scientific collaboration that could contribute to a fuller understanding of these complex relationships and the development of strategies promoting open and rules-based international trade. I encourage the continuation of this extremely important debate.

I invite you to discuss this issue and to engage in scientific cooperation,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Trade wars based on high tariffs often harm the domestic economy more than they help, as they increase costs for consumers and businesses, disrupt supply chains, provoke retaliation from trade partners, and ultimately reduce overall economic efficiency and global competitiveness, despite short-term protectionist gains for select industries.