The presence of the CL influences development of infection as the lens biomaterial acts as a vector for adherence of microorganisms with subsequent transfer to the ocular surface. Other factors associated with infection include disruption to the ocular surface, often caused by CL wear.
Contact lens alone do not cause bacterial infections. Prolonged wear of contact lens with low Dk value and poor material choice may compromise the ocular surface . Along with that improper hygiene aggravates the situation. Bacterial infections from periocular structures like eyelid and eyelashes may exasperate the situation.
Contact lenses, particularly soft lenses, are a risk factor for bacterial, fungal, and protozoan (Acanthamoeba) corneal infections. The most significant risk factors include sleeping with lenses on, exposing lenses to tap or reservoir water, not adhering to replacement schedules, and reusing disinfecting solution. Certain studies have shown that adolescent and young adults contact lens wearers are more likely than older adult patients to develop eye infections and to have poor contact lens hygiene practices. The most frequently reported risk behaviors in adolescents are not visiting an eye doctor regularly, sleeping or napping in contact lenses or swimming with them. Among young and older adults, the most frequently reported risk behaviors are replacing lenses at intervals longer than prescribed, replacing lens storage cases at longer intervals than recommended, swimming, sleeping, or napping with the contact lens.
Please have a look at the following RG links.
Article Bacterial Contamination Among Soft Contact Lens Wearer
Article Pathogenesis of Contact Lens-Associated Microbial Keratitis
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