Himanshu Tiwari

Circular farming, rooted in the principles of the circular economy, offers significant potential to enhance soil health, biological diversity, and climate resilience by minimizing waste, optimizing resource use, and regenerating natural systems. It emphasizes practices that improve soil fertility, increase biodiversity, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, ultimately leading to more sustainable and resilient agricultural systems.

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Circular farming holds significant promise in enhancing soil health, conserving biodiversity and strengthening climate resilience in agricultural systems. By employing a closed loop approach, it minimizes external inputs and ensures that organic matter such as crop residues, animal manure and compost is reintegrated into the soil ecosystem. This organic recycling boosts soil organic carbon content, improves microbial activity and enhances soil structure and water retention capacity, which are critical for long-term soil fertility and productivity.

Biodiversity is promoted through polyculture systems, agroforestry and integrated crop-livestock models, reducing dependency on monocultures and synthetic agrochemicals. This diversification supports a wider range of plant and animal species, strengthens pest and disease resistance through natural biological control and contributes to ecological balance within farm environments.

In the context of climate resilience, circular farming significantly mitigates greenhouse gas emissions by reducing the need for chemical fertilizers and fossil-fuel-based inputs. The sequestration of carbon in soils through organic inputs and reduced tillage practices helps offset emissions, while diversified systems are more robust in the face of climatic shocks such as droughts, floods or pest outbreaks. Additionally, renewable energy integration (e.g., biogas from animal waste, solar-powered irrigation) further reduces the environmental footprint and dependency on non-renewable energy sources.

Overall, circular farming not only regenerates natural resources but also builds a sustainable, adaptive agricultural framework capable of withstanding climate variability while ensuring food and environmental security.