This is a mechanical engineering question that in many places requires a state license, calculations stamped with a license, construction drawings. and ASME code stamp on a name plate.
There is a pressure vessel hand book, a code book, also college classes in stress and strain, as well as government programs of certifications.
In the further past there was a lot of guess work that led to terrible accidents, unexpected failure modes, injuries and losses. Now there is scientific basis of engineering designs and much published experience. Researchers are encouraged to acquire the qualifications and to avoid building without expertise.