The problem of designing a dead-beat controller for linear systems is a special case of pole placement, that is a well-known technique in feedback systems. There are plenty of tools for the implementation of pole placement including Matlab, Mathematica, Python Control Package, etc. As far as a C implementation is concerned, you may find the following libraries useful (Not tested personally):
As for the nonlinear case, the design of dead-beat control is generally an open problem. It kind of depends on the particular application concerned, and thereby no unified approach can be suggested.
One final comment about the practicality: since a dead-beat controller aims at stabilizing a set point as fast as possible relying on a perfect model of the system, the controller may not be robust enough against disturbances and uncertainties. Additionally, the required control actions are naturally expensive in terms of magnitude and frequency. Therefore, one should carefully observe whether such a fast convergence is critically needed.