CZTS-based solar cells are commonly manufactured in two different structures known as "Substrate" and "Superstrate". The substrate structure is adapted from CIGS solar cells and is commonly used for the manufacturing of CZTS solar cells. However, there are reports in the literature about the manufacturing of CZTS solar cells in the Superstrate structure. Among both structure devices, the substrate structure is extensively utilized for the manufacturing of CZTS solar cells, and CZTS substrate structure solar cells have delivered higher efficiencies at the lab scale compared to superstrate structure CZTS devices. However, Superstrate-type solar cells offer the merits of lower cost, easier processing, and could serve as the top cell in tandem configuration.
A step-by-step guide for the manufacturing of both structure devices can be found in any of the related articles reported in the literature. The following are some links that could be helpful to you:Article Investigation of Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cell buffer layer fabricate...
Substrate structure devices;
1. Article Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cells with over 10% power conversion efficie...
2. Article Impact of alloying duration of an electrodeposited Cu/Sn/Zn ...
3.Article Cadmium Free Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 Solar Cells with 9.7% Efficiency
4.Article Forming an Ultrathin SnS Layer on Cu2ZnSnS4 Surface to Achie...
Superstrate structure devices;
1. Article Investigation of Cu2ZnSnS4 solar cell buffer layer fabricate...
2. Article Preparation of CZTS thin films for the fabrication of ZnO na...
3. Article Lithium-Doped Cu2ZnSnS4 Superstrate Solar Cells with 5% Effi...