Could you tell us is there any mathematical equation that can be used to calculate the bottom diameter of pin in friction stir welding tool

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Isaac Dinaharan

There is no mathematical equation available to calculate pin dimensions. However, the following empirical relationship or thumb rule can be used for calculating pin diameter of butt welding.

Pin diameter = A * Plate thickness

A = 1 for Al, Mg and Cu and their alloys

A = 1.5-2.0 for Fe, Ni and Ti and their alloys

In case of FSSW multiply above A values by a factor of 2. I assume that you use conical pin since you have asked bottom pin diameter.

Ahmad K Jassim

Thank you so much doctor

I was read in one artical for resistance spot welding there is an equation used to calculate pin diameter which are

Electrod diameter =0.1+2(t)

Where t is sheet or plate thickness and all dimension should be in inch

0.1(25.4)

t/25.4

So, can we used it for friction stir welding to calculate the bottom pin diameter

José Cintra Filho

Hi Ahmad,

I have been studied for this processes.

Depend on the geometry of probe that you want use.

For exemple:

Cilindrical shape:

H probe: 80~90% of t sheet

probe diameter: 40% of shoulder diameter.

I've gotten more less 65% of MB in 2024t3 in this situation.

Thank you Jose

I know that the length of pin should be 10% less than sheet thickness. Also, the ratio of pin diameter to shoulder diameter is ,1:2 or 1:3 or 1:4.

My question is how can I determine diameter of pin or shoulder at first

For taper cylinder pin or for cylinder pin as well as the bottom pin diameter

Ahmad,

I have been studied this part, I used a reduction area of 25% of the initial diameter of pin / probe. This relaction I found in Mishra literature. But, I think that I do not have a mathematical equation ... I have been making an impirical test the according of the literature and changing some special features. So ... I have some tool here that I still dont use .. maybe if you want, I can explain something else by skype: cintra.88.

Best regards,

José Cintra.