Could you please recommend how to choose a proper equivalent pixel size (i.e. to which size of image space relative to PSF should correspond a single pixel on camera matrix) so that my imaging system should be limited only by optics?

In "The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing" by Steven Smith in chapter 25/2 (http://www.dspguide.com/ch25/2.htm) it was said

"While these concepts may seem difficult, they reduce to a very simple rule for practical usage. Consider a system with some 10%-90% edge response distance, for example 1 mm. If the sample spacing is greater than 1 mm (there is less than one sample along the edge), the system will be limited by the sample spacing. If the sample spacing is less than 0.33 mm (there are more than 3 samples along the edge), the resolution will be limited by the sampling aperture. When a system has 1-3 samples per edge, it will be limited by both factors."

I contacted the author to ask where do these 3 samples per edge come from. I was told that they are taken from his own investigations, and math comes from computed tomography. As I am not good enough in CT, could you please explain me this point concerning OTF/PSF and sampling theorem? I have already checked it, these numbers are empirically true, but I don't know how to prove it)

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