It all depends on your supervisor/promoters taste but must have the introduction chapter,Review of literature,methods,results and discussion and summary of findings.Thanks
First of all try to check on university website whether they have given any pattern or not? Most of the universities give outline of the points to be included in thesis.
Choose the most appropriate subject for you, then read a good thesis related to your subject, and then write the article after the collection of your data.
I am totally agreed with above answers just follow them and surely you will write or handle your thesis easily. For sure it will take time to write but be consistent and motivated.
Good resource Prof. Hazim! Aside from the technical assistance on how to write thesis, you must remember always that it is a journey that requires dedication, hardwork and continuous attention. Best regards
Title (including subtitle), author, institution, department, date of delivery, research mentor(s) and advisor, their instututions and email adresses
Abstract
A good abstract explains in one line why the paper is important. It then goes on to give a summary of your major results, preferably couched in numbers with error limits. The final sentences explain the major implications of your work. A good abstract is concise, readable, and quantitative.
Length should be ~ 1-2 paragraphs, approx. 400 words.
Absrtracts generally do not have citations.
Information in title should not be repeated.
Be explicit.
Use numbers where appropriate.
Answers to these questions should be found in the abstract:
What did you do?
Why did you do it? What question were you trying to answer?
How did you do it? State methods.
What did you learn? State major results.
Why does it matter? Point out at least one significant implication.
Table of Contents
list all headings and subheadings with page numbers
List page numbers of all figures. The list should include a short title for each figure but not the whole caption.
List of Tables
List page numbers of all tables. The list should include a short title for each table but not the whole caption.
Introduction
You can't write a good introduction until you know what the body of the paper says. Consider writing the introductory section(s) after you have completed the rest of the paper, rather than before.
Be sure to include a hook at the beginning of the introduction. This is a statement of something sufficiently interesting to motivate your reader to read the rest of the paper, it is an important/interesting scientific problem that your paper either solves or addresses. You should draw the reader in and make them want to read the rest of the paper.
The next paragraphs in the introduction should cite previous research in this area. It should cite those who had the idea or ideas first, and should also cite those who have done the most recent and relevant work. You should then go on to explain why more work was necessary (your work, of course.)
What else belongs in the introductory section(s) of your paper?
A statement of the goal of the paper: why the study was undertaken, or why the paper was written. Do not repeat the abstract.
Sufficient background information to allow the reader to understand the context and significance of the question you are trying to address.
Proper acknowledgement of the previous work on which you are building. Sufficient references such that a reader could, by going to the library, achieve a sophisticated understanding of the context and significance of the question.
The introduction should be focused on the thesis question(s). All cited work should be directly relevent to the goals of the thesis. This is not a place to summarize everything you have ever read on a subject.
Explain the scope of your work, what will and will not be included.
A verbal "road map" or verbal "table of contents" guiding the reader to what lies ahead.
Is it obvious where introductory material ("old stuff") ends and your contribution ("new stuff") begins?
Remember that this is not a review paper. We are looking for original work and interpretation/analysis by you. Break up the introduction section into logical segments by using subheads.
Methods
What belongs in the "methods" section of a scientific paper?
Information to allow the reader to assess the believability of your results.
Information needed by another researcher to replicate your experiment.
Description of your materials, procedure, theory.
Calculations, technique, procedure, equipment, and calibration plots.
Limitations, assumptions, and range of validity.
Desciption of your analystical methods, including reference to any specialized statistical software.
The methods section should answering the following questions and caveats:
Could one accurately replicate the study (for example, all of the optional and adjustable parameters on any sensors or instruments that were used to acquire the data)?
Could another researcher accurately find and reoccupy the sampling stations or track lines?
Is there enough information provided about any instruments used so that a functionally equivalent instrument could be used to repeat the experiment?
If the data are in the public domain, could another researcher lay his or her hands on the identical data set?
Could one replicate any laboratory analyses that were used?
Could one replicate any statistical analyses?
Could another researcher approximately replicate the key algorithms of any computer software?
Citations in this section should be limited to data sources and references of where to find more complete descriptions of procedures. Do not include descriptions of results.
Results
The results are actual statements of observations, including statistics, tables and graphs.
Indicate information on range of variation.
Mention negative results as well as positive. Do not interpret results - save that for the discussion.
Lay out the case as for a jury. Present sufficient details so that others can draw their own inferences and construct their own explanations.
Use S.I. units (m, s, kg, W, etc.) throughout the thesis.
Break up your results into logical segments by using subheadings
Key results should be stated in clear sentences at the beginning of paragraphs. It is far better to say "X had significant positive relationship with Y (linear regression p
Greetings dear Maytham Qabel Hamzah , for writing a thesis, it is important to strictly follow the guidelines of your university. Or try to refer the thesis of the previously graduated students from your university. I think this approach is preferred. If you are looking for additional information, please try to go through this link. Hope, it will provide you general information about on how to write a thesis.
Aside from the good informative and useful comments and links provided by respected RG colleague. I think each subject has its own specialists from literature search, aims, objective, the problem to be solved, methodology and experimental work......Etc......... It all requires hard work and continuous efforts for its completion.
I think the link provided by Dr Hazim Hashim Tahir is very helpful
I like to suggest, You must go through a set of the thesis in your specialty with minimum two to five publication in scopus indexed journals and presented in reputed conference will be helpful .While you also referrr those books which direct how to write thesis,and in case of format ,which is differ from university to university.
Thank you for putting up such a commendable question for us!
I am not sure if most of us here know about Umberto Eco? He was a professor at the University of Bologna in Italy, who had already acquired a formidable reputation as a scholar for his ideas on semiotics (the study of signs), literary interpretation, and medieval aesthetics before he turned to writing fiction. Literary fiction, academic texts, essays, children’s books, newspaper articles—his written output is staggeringly large and wide-ranging, In 1980, he acquired the equivalent of intellectual superstardom with the publication of The Name of the Rose, which sold more than 10 million copies.
In one of his interviews, his interviewer asked him about his panache of writing to which he responded like so -
" When I presented my first Doctoral dissertation in Italy, one of the Professors said, “Scholars learn a lot of a certain subject, then they make a lot of false hypotheses, then they correct them and at the end, they put the conclusions. You, on the contrary, told the story of your research. Even including your trials and errors.” At the same time, he recognised I was right and went on to publish my dissertation as a book, which meant he appreciated it. At that point, at the age of 22, I understood scholarly books should be written the way I had done — by telling the story of the research. This is why my essays always have a narrative aspect. And this is why probably I started writing narratives [novels] so late — at the age of 50, more or less. "
Likewise, in my view, any thesis should be a series of a scholar's experimental actions where they have a liberty to narrate their scholarly perspective of their research problem. Otherwise, most of the thesis are nothing but "a copy of a copy"!