Can we make the earth's faults resistant and prevent it from breaking? And have safe and secure homes?
There are several ways to prevent ground faults from shaking. According to most geologists, what causes the rupture of the earth's fault and the strong shaking of the fault and the release of energy from the center of the earthquake from the fault and the L waves or the P, S and L waves from inside the earth, is excessive pressure on the fault in millions of years. And most importantly, the penetration of water, humidity and cold into the faults is more in the cold seasons of the year; It happens like autumn, winter and spring and also in the early morning and night. And it causes the energy inside them to be released, and check this in the time series of several years of earthquakes, we understand the reason for the cold and water penetration into the faults, especially at night and early morning when the weather gets colder. This rupture of faults is more in the early morning and most earthquakes occur in the early morning from 4 am to 6 am or from 9 pm to 2 am. Underground and fault is easier. And now geologists have realized that man himself can create earthquakes in 3 or 4 ways, i.e. artificial earthquakes. For example, in the faults and in the parts where there is displacement in the folded layers of the earth, by digging Amin wells and injecting water pressure into these wells, it penetrates the layers inside the fault and causes energy to be released from within. They fall to the ground. The energy and rupture of the fault generated from the center of the artificial earthquake was created so that it would not shake too much and prevent continuous shaking. And then by filling it with reinforced concrete, it becomes like a nail in the ground, which can prevent the faults of the ground from breaking, because it is also mentioned in the Holy Quran. that mountains are like nails on the earth because mountains prevent the earth from shaking and we humans can create artificial earthquakes on the earth and prevent the eternal shaking of the earth in the fault zone and it is not only nature that nails like A mountain is like a mountain, humans themselves can create it, i.e. artificially create nails in the earth. These nails tighten the faults and prevent them from constantly vibrating. Of course, this experiment was conducted by geologists in the Texas region of America in 1946, when the oil well was at a shallow depth and they had to drill a well next to the oil well. Injection of water or a solution of water and salt. cause the well oil to rise. After a while they saw; An earthquake occurred in the Texas region of America for a week, and after that, geologists realized that the injection of salt and water solution in the anticline region of this region, where there was also a fault, caused the faults to break and create an artificial one. Earthquake in the region and the release of energy and this earthquake shows that humans can also cause earthquakes. Of course, earthquakes can be caused by other methods, one is like the explosion of a bomb on a fault. Like the bomb explosion in Mallard Karaj region in Alborz province in 1379 at 2:00 p.m. Tahir, 5 provinces that were on the Mesha fault shook and everyone felt it because with the explosion of this bomb that was used for testing in the military area, it suddenly exploded. and took responsibility. They were killed and injured, but because it was on the Masha fault, and this fault starts from about 400 kilometers from Abiq Qazvin and continues to the north of Semnan, it caused the fault to vibrate and release. energy, and perhaps there are other ways to rupture the fault, for example by using many dams in the area of faults and folds of the earth where there are depressions and anticlines. Because the dams intensify the infiltration of water into the ground. Of course, other methods have also been proposed, such as the use of waste and sewage, which causes further destruction of the environment, because burying waste and sewage in fault locations, despite the presence of water, leads to further destruction of the environment on the ground. Therefore, it is possible to break the fault and create and sew strong concrete and cement in it. But all this is a theory, no country has done this yet and it is only a theory. According to geologists, faults are like seams around large blocks and large plates of the earth, and they are the release of the accumulated energy of the earth, and humans cannot prevent its release, and they should only make their houses or structures resistant. For example, by creating wagers, which are in the form of resistant houses, for example, the use of light unilite on the roofs of houses instead of bricks and reinforced concrete buildings, and also like the palm tree, which has deep roots, he made the houses deep and many columns. It made it strong and also by creating spring and rubber under the pillar of the house at the bottom of minus 2 parking lots; Houses are springs like the car you have; He made it so that during an earthquake it only shakes like God Kong, but does not fall, and people are saved, and the construction engineer wants to create springs and pistons in bridges and buildings and prevent the impact of an earthquake like a shock absorber. And these works are useful for saving people.
Dear Mr. Abbas Kashani,
In the text you provided you are trying to answer to your own question on the possibility to make the earth's faults resistant and prevent them from breaking. I think that everything is possible in this world, but is it necessary to do? Of course not, because you are looking on this problem only from technical point of view but, by all means, you must first of all take into account financial aspect of this problem!!! Even if some methods will be suggested to make the earth's faults resistant and prevent them from breaking the huge funds across the globe and very complex technologies will be needed to do that. So, I consider this as a useless idea and undertaking.
My approach is different. I think that we must concentrate ourselves on the task to make buildings earthquake proof. I devoted myself on solving this important problem, and I created very simple and cost-effective seismic isolation technologies for construction of new and retrofitting of existing buildings. You can read my paper:
Mikayel G. Melkumyan. "Armenia is the World Leader in Development and Extensive Application of Low-Cost Seismic Isolation for Construction of New and Retrofitting of Existing Buildings". - Journal of Architecture and Construction (JAC), Volume 3, Issue 3, 2020, pp.43-60, ISSN: 2637-5796
I am sure that the way to save people from earthquake is to make resilient construction using modern and very efficient technologies!
Best regards,
Mikayel Melkumyan
Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor
Academician of the Saint-Petersburg Arctic Academy of Sciences
Academician of the Athens Institute for Education and Research
President of the Armenian Association for Earthquake Engineering
Vice-President of the International Association of CIS Countries on Base Isolation
Member of the USA Association for Science and Technology
Foreign member of the Research Center of Seismic Resistant Structures of the Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo
Eminent Expert of the Committee of Eminent Experts in International Research Base of Seismic Mitigation and Isolation of Gansu Province in China
Founder of the "Save the Yerevan Schools From Earthquakes" foundation
CEO of the "Melkumyan Seismic Technologies" LLC
+374 (91) 94-54-02
www.melkumyanseismic.com
Hello,
I agree in big parts with the opinion of Mikayel Grigor Melkumyan . The much more feasible way to prevent damage of earthquakes is to makes buildings safe.
What I don't see is a technology that can prevent faults from breaking. One problem is the size of a fault. They can be few hundred meters longs up to several hundreds of km. So, in the latter case you would have to provide lot of material to stop the faulting process.
Even if it would be possible the next problem is the very complex stress field and stress distribution in earthquake zones. If you would "fix" one fault the stress would go somewhere else and could trigger an earthquake somewhere else.
At the moment it is even a technically demanding task to stop slow landslides due to e.g. road cuts parallel to slopes. If the rock or soil mass is moving you have to react very quick with the right tools to prevent a failure. It also depends on the force applied by the rock/soil volume that is sliding. When the shear is to high there is is no available technique (special anchors, piles etc.) to prevent such an event. And I'm talking only about local landslides, not about preventing earthquakes.
Best regards
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