if we used Multiple antenna at height of tower .so it will increase just data rate .so
then how we can use mimo at Gsm BTS.
Just a clarification: Are u suggesting to increase the range using MIMO or are u wondering whether adding more antennas will increase the coverage?
Thx.
I doubt, because MIMO is an end to end mechanism (MS-BS), while in GSM i did not see any MS with multiple antennas. But in next gen networks the MIMO is a key to increase capacity and coverage. Using to Antennas at BS you will only get diversity gain at BS end. But again it wont be a MIMO technically.
Dear Colleagues of researchgate
Multiple input multiple output wireless systems can be applied for any wireless communication channel including the mobile communication systems. It is so that they have two objectives, either space diversity or space multiplexing. So, compared to SISO, they can enhance the communication channel such that one can improve the signal to noise ratio at the cell boundary by the diversity and hence can decrease the bit error rate. or increase the bit rate for the same bit error rate. The range is increased if the bit error rate, and the bit rate are kept constant compared to SISO.
Moreover, one can increase the bandwidth efficiency by MIMO space multiplexing. This is equivalent to increasing the number of wires between the transmitter and the receiver in wire line communications. Here the same frequency and time are reused because of the space division in MIMO. The bandwidth efficiency is the number of bits transmitted per hertz.
According to Shanon of the communication channel limit
C = BW log2 ( 1+ S/N),
If you increase the bandwidth by space multiplexing as in the MIMO technology,
either you can increase the data rate C or decrease S for a given noise level. Decreasing S may be thought by increasing the range leading to increasing the coverage. You may increase both C and the coverage but you have to satisfy Shanon.
Since GSM technology is that of the older second generation system and its network is well established according to certain standards, there i no sense to apply the new developments on the radio system to such technology. MIMO is intended for the new mobile standards for introducing new services which need large bandwidth and data rates.
wish you success
Dear ADNAN,
The key lies on three MIMO signal processing techniques:
1) Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM) which enables multiple antennas to transmit and receive simultaneously resulting in higher data rate,
2) Space Time Block Coding (STBC) which sends redundant signal stream using up to four differently-coded spatial streams via separate antennas to improve reliability or range and
3) Transmit Beamforming (TxBF) that steers an outgoing signal towards an target receiver by focusing RF energy on a desired direction hence increasing SNR.
Technique # 3 can increase the Coverage.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/256118247_Throughput_analysis_of_IEEE802.11n_using_OPNET
I hope this helps.
Conference Paper Throughput analysis of IEEE802.11n using OPNET
In order to increase the coverage, you must consider GSM frequency reuse factor. If you decrease de reuse factor, increasing the range (coverage) the system spectral efficiency will decrease.
I totally agree with Abdulaziz M. Ghaleb.
MIMO in a way is not meant to deal with tx/rx coverage, however, TxBF can be one possible method to increase coverage or 'target' certain area. However, I reckon TxBF may require more than 4 antennas to sufficiently do the TxBF function, and the antenna orientation could be an important factor too.
Another thought is, if the antennas of a MIMO tx/rx can be separated sufficiently far enough, the that may also do a bit of increase in coverage. But then whats the point.
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