You can always estimate the yield from yield components but as these traits highly linked and have strong compensation mechansim, minimise the error by making observation on large number of plants in the area with uniform plant stand.
Yes,You can estimate the yield if you take sufficient number of samples to keep the error minimum and if the soil is uniform in terms of fertility, type and gradient.
If you can count average number of productive tillers and total number of tiilers from a group of representative plants, then you may be partly be able to estimate the yield. But you sample size should truly represent your population.
If you have 1000 grain weigt, N°of grains per Spike, and N° of spikes per m2, should be enough to estimate yield, provided you have an adequate number of samples, with the adequate size.