For example, if one want to know about the degradation of Pizza or a fruit, or a medicine (ex. Paracetamol) , what is the best way to know, Spectroscopic data? If yes, what kind of spectroscopy? Or any other method?
To estimate the shelf life in drugs the drug is subjected to an accelerated stability study. For degradation products that may produce usually a forced degradation study is performed. The samples under the study are analysed using HPLC. For more details see the official regulation of ICH,