Yes, of course, plenty of changes in structural properties, composites, mixtures, admixtures, etc. are all towards this! LOTS of information is available and the volume is expanding exponentially in the field. Just check around!! For your question, be specific, material changes vary structure by structure! filler by filler! addition by addition! Mol Wt changes will also be followed, but what exactly is your material and filler, how and what way it was filled/!

Dear Riaz A. Khan

Thank you so much for your contribution. I have searched and found some articles in the field of bio polymer-metal composites, but there was less or no discussion about the effect of filler on the structure of the polymer matrix. The specific question is about changing the polymer chain, molecular weight distribution( in this case, " Narrow dispersity" or " Wide dispersity" of the polymer matrix). I really appreciate any kind of reference, guidance, and suggestion.

Best regards.

Dear Milad!

In a lot of cases the material will not further polymerize if you just mix it with a metallic filler. However, processing at high temperatures (with or without shear) may change the molecular weight (and distribution), normally by breaking the chains down. There may be some instances, where the filler can act as a catalyst for some kind of chemical reaction. But as Riaz pointed out before, you have to name the specific materials and the processing conditions for anybody giving you a detailed answer.

Thank you, Nina Woicke

I used the fused deposition material process or "3D-printing" as the producing method, and the matrix polymer is poly-lactic acid. I know that adding particles as the filler decrease the tensile strength of the composite samples. However, I want to know what happened to the composite polymer matrix that shows less strength when we have added the additive material particle.

My regards.

Dear Milad, some metals might degrade polymers as already mentioned in previous comments from our colleagues. For example cupper strongly catalyse PP degradation and a metal deactivator must be used to avoid this type of degradation ( for this reason PP used to recover cupper wires in some applications must be additivated with a propper metal deactivator ).

But this is just an example and not necessarily the root cause for your problems. Thus it would also be interesting to check iout other below points :

. particle size and particle size distribution of metal particles might also be palying a role .

. purity of metal filler ( contaminants might affect )

. adhesion between metal particles and polymer matrix

. dispersion quality of particles in polymer matyrix.

. test a functionalized PLA - MAH for a better adhesion between metal and polymer matrix

Hope it helps you out in finding a possible solution for your issues. .

Best regards and good luck.

This question at first looked obvious to me. But before commenting, I decided to first read through the replies. All people have my idea but most importantly he wants them attached with a reference. Please offer that help.

In short take care of the metal you use, transition elements have a deleterious effect, has been stated above in a reply.

Dear Jose Filho

Thank you so much for your contribution, and It was very helpful. would you mind explaining more "the adhesion between metal particles and polymer matrix" as you mention in your previous opinion?

Best regards.

Dear Jagdish Patel

Thanks for your opinion. Is there any chance more explanation about your statement?

Best regards.

Dear Millad,

. Final strength and toughness are strongly affected by let down ratio , particle size, particle/matrix adhesion, morphology. In this respect adhesion promoters /coupling agents plays a role to increase interface bonding . You could carry out a test just adding PLA-MAH , but I would consider treating the metal first and then also use a PLA-MAH adhesion promoter to react with the silane on metal surface to have a strong bonding.

To better exemplify consider a glassfiber reinforcement in a PP matrix. The coupling agent ( PP-MAH) is used to bring about a stronger incorporation of the glass fibers in the olymer matrix. But this interaction does not take place directly with hthe glass surface, but as the glass surfaces are provided with a silane surface treatment , as the interaction is between the MAH and the amino groups in the silane on the glass fiber surface treatment. The reaction results in an extremely stable imide structure. So you would have to consider a similar general reasoning to be successful in getting good interface bonding between metal and pólymer surface.

Hope it shades a light in your studies...

Below some references :

Mechanisms of interfacial adhesion in metal–polymer composites – Effect of chemical treatment

Adhesion promoters, or coupling agents, act at the interface of an organic polymer and inorganic surface to enhance the adhesion between the two materials [20]

https://web.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project/Available/E-project-042519-142437/unrestricted/Interfacial_Adhesion_of_Polymer-Metal_Composites.pdf

Good luck and best regards

Hi Milad - I want to stick my neck out there and say that only crosslinking and degradation (and these can occur concurrently) of the polymer can or will change the polymer structure. Additives generally detract from the intrinsic polymer properties, however, they do impart properties. I hope this helps.

Dear Jose Filho

I am really grateful for your helpful hint and contribution. your answer showed me another aspect of the understanding of the material behavior on this topic.

Thank you, Jagdish Patel

The polymer that I have used for the experiment is poly-lactic acid (PLA), and I think thermoplastic polymers don't have crosslinks. Am I right?

My knowledge on PLA is close to zero Milad, apologies.

Thank you so much, Jagdish Patel for the contribution.

Best regards.

Dear,

Some pigments can cause property modifications. I have tested PLA with different colors, and they have different tensile strengths.

Thank you Mr. Henrique Almeida Santana for your contribution.

May I ask for the result of your research in the form of a published paper?

Another question, which color has the most tensile strength, and what was the lowest?

My regards.