https://centerforneweconomics.org/

Community land trusts are one option.

Dear Salman,

Have a look at the following papers relevant to your question. Also, check out their list of references for further study:

- Affordable and quality housing through the low cost housing provision in Malaysia

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chin_Ho/publication/279662294_Affordable_and_quality_housing_through_the_low_cost_housing_provision_in_Malaysia/links/564293cd08ae997866c4b2d7/Affordable-and-quality-housing-through-the-low-cost-housing-provision-in-Malaysia.pdf

- Achieving affordable housing through energy efficiency strategy

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sergio_Copiello/publication/278674488_Achieving_affordable_housing_through_energy_efficiency_strategy/links/57eb746208ae5d93a48168cc/Achieving-affordable-housing-through-energy-efficiency-strategy.pdf

- Affordable housing policy in China: New developments and new challenges

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jie_Chen123/publication/297665288_Affordable_housing_policy_in_China_New_developments_and_new_challenges/links/5a8bb05d0f7e9b1a9555be71/Affordable-housing-policy-in-China-New-developments-and-new-challenges.pdf

Hope it helps.

Best,

Aryan

https://www.csh.org/

In the United States, developers/builders (DBs)are provided a financial incentive to construct/rehab low income housing thru federal income tax credits which enable the DBs to reduce the amount of income tax they must pay.

https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/lihtc.html

In NSW, Australia, the Social and Affordable Housing Fund Scheme provides funding to developers who will build and hold social and affordable housing for lease by a registered social housing provider. This is tenanted to social housing tenants who pay about 25% of their income in rent, and affordable housing tenants who pay about 75% of market rent. More info at https://www.facs.nsw.gov.au/about/reforms/future-directions/reforms/SAHF

This book gives a good overview of different approaches from an architecural perspective:

https://www.jovis.de/de/buecher/product/affordable-living.html

But of course its not only a matter of architecture. Furthermore housing policy plays an important role. The funding of social housing (as mentioned before) is a way to promote housing for low-income groups.

In many cases the price of land is a major driver of housing prices. By land disposal systems the state can set social criteria (such as a proportion of affordable flats) as requirement to give away state owned land to developers. If land is always sold to the highest bidder its nearly impossible to realize affordable housing.

Interestingwise, in NSW Australia, in Newcastle, there will be an interesting conference on that topic https://www.nuaconference.com/

This 2018 congress will be focused on the theme Affordable Living in Sustainable Cities: Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and the New Urban Agenda.

could be interesting perhaps. Saw that via www.isocarp.org.

Our ISOCARP colleague Jan Bredenoord https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/55149847_Jan_Bredenoord has some very intersting contributions on that topic, including his book "Affordable Housing in the Urban Global South", together with @Peer_Smets and @Paul_Van_Lindert

all the best,

Peter

low cost housing ....low cost affordable materials ..efficient management,wastage minimization definately will give low cost homes.

In this matter, the focus should be more on locally available low cost materials along with issues related to sustainable and resilient infrastructure development aiming lowest carbon footprint on the environment.

Along with providing houses on a low price, it is also necessary to ensure the low income people get the house in affordable prices and any intermediary stakeholder does not try to sell houses at higher price. On site employment generation activity can be included as a part of low cost housing scheme.