I have confusion as Moulin et al, 2001 described Nodules induced on M. atropurpureum by strain STM678 (Burkholderia) were ineffective in terms of nitrogen fixation. or now it is proved that β-rhizobia can make effective nodule in term of nitrogen fixation.
Reference
Moulin, L., Munive, A., Dreyfus, B., Boivin-Masson, C. (2001) Nodulation of legumes by members of the β-subclass of proteobacteria. Nature 411, 948.
Thanks, Hani, for posting your comments to Ahmed Zaheer. Yes, many researchers have found that beta-rhizobia nodulate both Mimosoid and Papillionoid legumes. See also the publications below.
Kind regards
Article Nodulation and effective nitrogen fixation of Macroptilium a...
Conference Paper Burkholderia tuberum Effectively Nodulates Cyclopia spp., bu...
Article Genetic diversity of Mimosa pudica rhizobial symbionts in so...
Article Legume-Nodulating Betaproteobacteria: Diversity, Host Range,...
Interesting question. Here is also these papers on the diversity of beta-rhizobia and their competition.
Article Burkholderia Species Are the Most Common and Preferred Nodul...
Article Nodulation and nitrogen fixation by Mimosa spp. in the Cerra...
Article Burkholderia spp. are the most competitive symbionts of Mimo...
Article The geographical patterns of symbiont diversity in the invas...
Article South African Papilionoid Legumes Are Nodulated by Diverse B...
Happy to help. In fact there are much more articles, especially recently on nodulating Burkholderia from papilionoid endemics in South Africa and Australia, with many new species. This field is still emerging and far from being completely explored!
Cheers,
Lionel
Nice answers from Ann and Lionel, and plenty of refs for Ahmad, so I'll add nothing more!
Hani - I am intrigued by your comments re. Pseudomonas acquiring nod genes - I have never encountered these papers. Can you send me them (or tell me where they can be found)?
Actually, there are a number of sporadic published reports of "Gamma-rhizobia" (usually Pseudomonas), but I have so far not found any of them convincing, although I am willing to be proven wrong...
Cheers
Euan
HI Prof. Euan Kevin James,
Here is link of Pseudomonas paper
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S072320201000072X#
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0049236
and comments about Pseudomonas nodulation ability by Prof. Peter Young
https://rhizobium.wordpress.com/2011/11/13/are-there-gamma-rhizobia/
https://rhizobium.wordpress.com/2013/01/27/another-gamma-paper/
Regards
Dear Professors Lionel Moulin, Ann M. Hirsch and Hani Antoun,
Thank you very much for help me regarding this.
Before my PhD start, our group isolated Ca34 O. ciceri and they believe strain have nodulation ability after re confirmation Ca34 was not able to nodule thats why I have ask this question because When I have read Moulin et al 2001 paper and they describes that Nodules induced on M. atropurpureum by strain STM678 (Burkholderia) were ineffective in terms of nitrogen .....Once again thanks
Thanks Ahmad. I know these papers very well. Neither are convincing. Please compare with the evidence that we have presented systematically over 15 years for nodulation by Beta-rhizobia (Burkholderia and Cupriavidus) using GFP, antibodies etc. Until similar evidence is presented for them there is no current* reason to believe in "Gamma-rhizobia". We should always remember that just because something is isolated from nodules it does not mean that it nodulates.
(*I accept like Prof Peter that they MAY be found in the future, but there is nothing convincing just now...)
I have asked same question to Prof. Peter Young and Dr Maged Saad (From unige and Kaust) they also give me very precise Answer....Thank you very much all
Thanks Euan. Thats why I have also included the comments of Prof Peter. Still there is lot of area need to be exploded like desert and mountain etc. Upto now only about 20% of the total 18,000 species and 57% of about 650 genera of legume plants have been studied for nodulation (Sprent, 1995).
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