In general relativity extended models have been used by several authors to discuss some important aspects in the theory. the role of gravitation in charged-particle formation has been analyzed by Cooperstock and Rosen. The relevance of the equation of state of “false vacuum” to relativistic electromagnetic mass models has been discussed by Grøn and by Tiwari, Rao and Kanakamedala. The phenomenon of gravitational repulsion around elementary particles like electrons has been investigated by a number of authors. the validity of singularity theorems inside the electron has been discussed by Bonnor, Cooperstock, and Ponce de Leon.
All the models for extended charged particles, used in the literature, exhibit the following “peculiar” feature: They need the presence of some negative mass to maintain stability against Coulomb’s repulsion. That is, independently of the working assumptions of the specific model, the picture of a (classical) charged particle is always the same: the particle should consist of a core of negative mass surrounded by a positive-mass outer layer, which emerges from the Reissner-Nordstr¨om field.
However, in “conventional” physics, the mass is always positive. And, although one can invoke that macroscopic physics does not hold within charged particles, it is natural to ask whether it is possible or not to avoid the use of negative masses in the structure of charged particles. That is, without the introduction of a negative mass, can one
construct an extended model for a charged particle?
Article Letter: Electromagnetic Mass-Models in General Relativity Reexamined
Albert Einstein (1925, Physica, 5, 330–334) Elektron und allgemeine Relativitätstheorie/The Electron and The General Theory of Relativity :)
In a Yang Mills model, or in the Standard Model, the charge is defined with respect to a typical elementary particle. For instance there is no unit to measure the color of a quark. A composite particle is just a linear combination of elementary particles.
In GR mass is the gravitational charge, so in an extended model it should be considered in the same footing. One could conceived of elementary particles with negative mass.
Do not will satisfy this theory? "From the relative existence of electromagnetic field to its connection with the gravitational field or General Relativity Extended"
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