Can bacteria make their own energy through photosynthesis and bacteria used instead of water during photosynthesis?
Yes, for photosynthetic bacteria. Because they have pigments that can support them to do the photosynthesis activities.
I agree with Rana Hamza Shakil that bacterial cells do not have chloroplast thus they cannot perform photosynthesis. Within the cell membrane, reaction centres are present which absorb light energy. The purple sulfur bacteria are a group of Proteobacteria capable of photosynthesis. They are anaerobic or microaerophilic, and are often found in hot springs or stagnant water. Unlike plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, they do not use water as their reducing agent, and so do not produce oxygen.Some types of bacteria are autotrophs. Most autotrophs use a process called photosynthesis to make their food. In photosynthesis, autotrophs use energy from the sun to convert water from the soil and carbon dioxide from the air into a nutrient called glucose. Unlike plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, they do not use water as their reducing agent, and so do not produce oxygen. Instead, they use hydrogen sulfide, which is oxidized to produce granules of elemental sulfur.Within the prokaryotic domain, there are five main groups of bacteria that perform tetrapyrrole-based photosynthesis. They are proteobacteria (also known as purple bacteria), heliobacteria, Chloroflexi, Chlorobi and cyanobacteria.Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 is a filamentous cyanobacterium consisting of a few hundred of vegetative cells, which perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Upon nitrogen deprivation, heterocysts, which are specialized cells for nitrogen fixation, are differentiated from vegetative cells at semiregular intervals. Some bacteria are able to use a process called photosynthesis to convert energy from sunlight into another form of energy they can use to grow. Within the bacteria, structures known as photosystems are responsible for absorbing light and transferring the energy to other molecules. The Azotobacter is economically important for producing food additives, biofertilizers, etc. It is used for the synthesis of phytohormones and also in bioremediation. It is used to produce a biofertilizer called Azotobacterin. Hence, Azotobacter is non-photosynthetic. Cyanobacteria emerged on Earth about 2.5 billion years ago and are the morphologically most diverse group amongst prokaryotes and the unique bacteria able to perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Some varieties of bacteria use light to create their own food, just like organisms that use photosynthesis. However, these bacteria are not autotrophs, because they must rely on chemicals besides carbon dioxide for carbon.
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