These are clearly the PE loops of a lossy capacitor. If you measure the polarization by integrating the current you should look directly to the IV curves to observe if the peaks related to FE switching are present. You should also always study the frequency dependence of IV/PV cycles to understand the properties of the material and avoid artifacts

The loops, which are shown in figure are lossy but not showing any ferroelectric behavior.

Thank you sir. Does it mean that only saturation is a criteria for confirmation of ferroelectric behaviour. Kindly clarify my query in detailed manner. discussiom with reference to reference images will be further helpful

From the picture you attached , it seems to me it is conducting in nature and beacause of high leakage current you are getting this kind of loop.Actually what you can do is , try to measure ferroelectric polarization in different methods, like pyroelectric measurement, PFM measurement and try to see if there is positive , negative sponatneous switching. While measuring the PE loop, several spurious factors arise like deopolarizing field, FN tunneling, schottky effect which may affect your measurement. You can go through a paper by James Scott ' Ferroelectrics go Bananas' where it is shown that the PE loop you get may not be the instrinsic Polarization. We use an evolved protocol from ST circuit where we use remanant polarization. For a clearer view you can see my paper 'Multiferroicity around Verwey transition in Fe3O4 thin films.

Regards,

Shubhankar

Thank You. would you please send me the link of the paper mentioned

The link of my paper is given below:

Article Multiferroicity around Verwey transition in Fe 3 O 4 thin films

From figure which you are attached it appears that there is no signature of the ferroelectric behavior and the materials are high loss materials.

Hi! Can you elaborate by explaining how are you making the measurements? What kind of top electrodes are you using? What about bottom electrodes,film thickness and instrument used? The sample should really be smooth for good deposition of top electrode. There are numerous reasons for not getting good loop. From the document you attached it looks like the response of a resistor rather than a ferroelectric. By the way, what material is it.

Good luck.