Simple method for proving ethnomedicinal plant has whitening effect.
Dear Nidal
Please find some article related to your query.
Thanks
http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/25/1_MeetingAbstracts/789.4
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23089353
Hi Nidal Amin Jaradat!
In these papers, you can read the technique used to measure inhibition of tyrosinase, according Rhatman et al.
I hope you find it useful
Best Regards!
Article Prenylated Flavanones with Anti-tyrosinase Activity from Dal...
Article Flavanoids from Dalea elegans: Chemical reassignment and det...
Each plant extract was assayed for
tyrosinase inhibition by measuring its effect
on tyrosinase activity using a 96-well reader
(PowerWave XS; BioTek). The reaction was
carried out in a 100 mM potassium phosphate
buffer (pH 6.7) containing 1.5 mM l-tyrosine
and 100 U/mL mushroom tyrosinase at 37°C.
The reaction mixture was pre-incubated for
15 min before adding the substrate. The
change of the absorbance at 490 nm was
measured. The percent inhibition of tyrosinase
was calculated as follows:
Inhibition (%)= [(A-B)/A] × 100,
where A is absorbance at 490 nm without
plant extract, and B is the change in
absorbance at 490 nm with plant extract.
Bearberry Arctostaphylos spp. extracts (a natural source of β-arbutin) may strengthen the effect of α-arbutin, a natural skin whitener. Among the natural extracts, Mulberry and Licorice are popular components added to the skin whiteners. The isolation of their active components and their effect on tyrosinase inhibition (TI) and pigment reduction has been reported. Also lemon extract is used in the preparations like Skin Bright, Lucederm and Meladerm as a potent skin bleaching ingredient. However, it can only be used at low concentrations because it easily causes skin irritation. Active compounds isolated from Sophora species reported to act as potent inhibitors of tyrosinase and pigment production. Kiwi fruit (Actinidia Chinensis) containing flavonoids are found to be responsible for tyrosinase inhibition. The Mandresy extract contains two compounds luteolin and verbascoside that do not only inhibit tyrosinase and pigment production but also influence the interaction between keratinocytes and melanocytes by reducing formation of dendrites. Some whitening creams contain a mixture of many extracts with the obvious tyrosinase inhibitors (Mulberry, Licorice, Sophora and Peonia). I think, following threads will provide you more details on this aspect.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2801997/
http://www.cosmeticsbusiness.com/technical/article_page/Skin_Lightening__Light_and_smooth_and_even/48676
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