We can't consider as refugee. Because, according to General Provisions 1st Clause of Geneva Convention of Human Rights: as a result of the events that took place before January 1951, refugees are individuals who are outside of their country of citizenship because they have well-founded grounds for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, and is unable to obtain sanctuary from their home country or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail themselves of the protection of that country; or in the case of not having a nationality and being outside their country of former habitual residence as a result of such event, is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to return to their country of former habitual residence (UNHCR, 1998).

For further infomation, please see:

Article Awareness of social studies teacher candidates on refugees in Turkey

Normally represented as 'nomads', and amalgamated with 'travellers' in England, with 'Gents du Voyage' in France, with 'caminanti' in Italy, Gypsies has a milennial history of being captured from the Indo Valley in the winter of 1017-18 by islamic forces of the Sheik of Gazni (in actual Afeghanistan) and sold in the slave markets of the Khorasan (ancient Persia, nowadays in actual Iran) and dispersed, concentrating, in Europe, in Moldavia and Transilvania (actual Romenia) as slaves of the crown, of the priests and of the local lords.

Some of these flied to western Europe in the XIII century and come to Iberia where he has been accepted and protected as 'christians' pilmigrating to Santiago the Compostela to be absolved from has accepted Islam for centuries. When this fraud was discovered he has been codified as people without kingdom, as Jews also were, lived as people forced to nomadism and began to be condemned to slavery or deported to the New conquests in Brasil, Angola and Goa (Bastos 2000, 2006, 2013).

In recent years, in Portugal, the large majority set down in 'social' quarters but a large number of families continue to be condemned to nomadism, once christians expelled them from urban places and churches. So they are not 'immigrants', 'refugees' nor really 'nomads', obsolete academic concepts that occults historical and (anti-)social reallities and racism, to be studied by ethnographers and sociologists.

Gypsyphobia is the counterpart of islamophobia in the North of Europe, the result of the psychic necessity to create an external, social and political 'bad object' (Freud 1895, Melanie Klein) , opposed to 'naturals' or 'autoctons' to reinforce local collective Identity self-esteem.

Genocide, Gethoisation or Expulsion (forced nomadism) are historical forms of identity conflictual binarization of 'cultures' (using 'races', religions or 'civilization').

Bibliography:

Bastos, J. (2000) Gypsies ('ciganos') in Portugal, to-day, in H. Tóth (edit) Minorities in Europe 2000. University of Pécs, Studia Europaea, 99-113

Bastos, J. (2006) Sintrenses ciganos. Uma abordagem estrutural-dinâmica. Sintra: Câmara Municipal de Sintra, 216 pags.

Bastos, J. (2013) "Portugueses ciganos e ciganofobia em Portugal: uma introdução" e "A questão cigana: portugueses ciganos e ciganofobia em Portugal, in J. Bastos (edit) Portugueses ciganos e ciganofobia em Portugal. Lisboa: CEMME / CRIA, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, 7-25 e 337-389

Those terms are not exclusionary. Migrants can become nomads, building transient senses of belongings and connections to others, while moving across multiple borders (territorial, linguistic, etc.). Nomads also may not be emigrants; they might be travelers, persons of continuing movement because of an array of reasons. In my research, I have interviewed travelers for the sake of movement and openness to diverse contingent experiences with different cultures; they do not reside permanently in one country, keep their original legal citizenship, and are not interested in acquiring a new one in another country. Refugees, on another front, seek a safe place to live, escape violence and extreme poverty, either in a group or alone (i.e. a persecuted political opponent of a regime would seek refugee status in another country, while a large number of Africans from countries like Ghana or Nigeria have left for Europe in recent years due to political/ethnic violence and/or extreme economic hardship). Refugees must receive a special status as they are asylum seekers (a temporary status). Yet, there have been refuged populations like Cubans in the early 1960s, who remained in the US and have consolidated an enclave in South Florida. I should note that sometimes ideological biases might make relative the label of "refugee".

EMIGRANTS are people leaving one place and intend to resettle in another place. Examples may include economic and political refugees leaving the home country to seek better opportunities or safety in another country. Once found a place of safety, i.e. taking refuge, they are no long on the move. This is the difference between emigrants and nomads.

NOMADS are those who are on the move as a way of life, i.e. by choice, not forced by circumstances as emigrants. As a cultural practice, no one forces a nomad to be a nomad. Nomadic is a way of life; a life without permanent settlement. An emigrant looks for a permanent settlement in a new place.

Categories (like emigrants and nomads or any others) don't determine individual behaviour, and people may be included in two or more categories (as women, pianist, mother and lesbian, etc.). When you work with categories, that is useful to create statistics, but categories are not homogenuous (a reason for Political Parties, regions or clubs de football creating adversaries among people of a nation).

it depends very much on specific contexts that go beyond legal demographic consideration