To start with the most popular viral fever - Influenza associated with cold - Nowadays Influenza can be managed with simple rest along with some Paracetamol for feverish tendency and other anti alargic medicine like chlorpheneramine maleate / bromhexene .Hcl for symptomatic treatment .

But earlier anti-viral medicine is Amantadine.hydrochloride - from where we have started the anti-viral synthesis . It is antiviral ,antiparkinson as well as antiallergic

compound .

Chemically it is a synthetic Tri-cyclic amine @ C10H18ClN - https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Amantadine-hydrochloride

Development of highly effective, broad-spectrum antiviral agents is the major objective shared by the fields of virology and pharmaceutics. Antiviral drug development has focused on targeting viral entry and replication, as well as modulating cellular defense system. High throughput screening of molecules, genetic engineering of peptides, and functional screening of agents have identified promising candidates for the development of optimal broad-spectrum antiviral agents to intervene in viral infection and control viral epidemics. This review discusses current knowledge, prospective applications, opportunities, and challenges in the development of broad-spectrum antiviral agents.

Article Broad-spectrum antiviral agents

Article Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents: A Crucial Pandemic Tool

Article Synthesis and antiviral activity of some novel indole-2-carb...

https://aac.asm.org/content/60/8/4552

Article Synthesis and Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity of Some Nove...

Article Discovery of Potent Broad Spectrum Antivirals Derived from M...

I acknowledge to dear Manal Hadi Kanaan regedarding her discussion w.r.t origin ,

and all the references including Pandemic Antiviral compounds .

Acyclovir - The Next generation antiviral - It is widely used against a very painful infection like herpes simplex .https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-941/acyclovir-oral/details- The market name is Zovirax , Trikase .

Acychlovir can be also used against Chicken Pox , Measles .

The next higher generation antiviral compounds is Di-deoxy Cytidine -triphosphate -Pyrimidine - 2',3' -dideoxy ribo neucleotide di-phosphate - C9H16N3O12P3 -https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/2_3_-Dideoxycytidine-5_-triphosphate

This drug is a potent medicine against HIV-1 infection -AIDS Human Retro Virus -https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2163269

Structure of Amantadine Hydrochloride - an antagonist to Dopamine Receptor - REF : spellcheckchem.com ( Image Source )

Q-SAR Study of AMTD - Hcl - http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/jspui/bitstream/10603/187223/6/06_chapter%201.pdf

Structural moity of acyclovir - REF : pharmwarthegame.blogspot.com ( Image Source )

Purine - 6 - one - 2 - amino - hydroxymethoxymethyl derivative .

REF : sigmaaldrich.com ( Image Source ) - dideoxycytidine - HPLC assay reported

- 98 %

By analysing structure - The basic moities are Amino - Oxo Pyrimidine - THF - methyl dihydrogen phosphate .( De-Oxy Ribo neucleotide ).

Q -SAR study of DDOCT - https://books.google.co.in/books?id=CN3Aq1ZRymUC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq=Q-+SAR+study+of+di-deoxy+cytidine&source=bl&ots=DQ_ZoySTkJ&sig=ACfU3U3MKwpYDNmZNpPa7_Z2oEqfVZjLNA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiq6LmV36vqAhUFzzgGHcYqC_cQ6AEwAXoECAsQAQ

Another most common Virus in West Bengal is Dengue - The effective medicine is

Oseltamivir ( Active for both Infl A & B ) - The market brand is Tamiflue - https://www.tamiflu.com/

Oseltamivir - A higer generation of Acyclovir analogue - REF : chemspider.com ( Image Source )

QSAR activity - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169743915001719

REF : indiamart.com ( Image Source )

AMTD Hydrochloride available formulation - Capsule

REF : palpharma.com ( Image Source ) - Syrup oral dosage form .

REF : dailymed.nlm.nih.gov / Zydus / ( Image Source )- Hard Capsule formulation by USP standard .

REF : nist.gov ( Image Source )

REF : indiamart.com ( Image Source ) - Acyclovir Zovirax Dispersable Tablet

REF : webmd.com ( Image Source ) - The Oinment formulation has topical formulation against Herpes Virus .

REF : acsh.org ( Image Source ) - Mechanism of action against Herpes .

Tamiflu- The most effective drug against swaine flue .REF : pharmaceutical-technology.com ( Image Source )

It is also available in Oral suspension form . REF : mckessonmedical-surgical.com ( Image Source )

During DENV-3 along with HIN1( Swine Flue Influenza ) combined attack Oseltamivir is much effective - https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN35227717?q=&filters=conditionCategory:Infections%20and%20Infestations,recruitmentCountry:Indonesia&sort=&offset=5&totalResults=19&page=1&pageSize=10&searchType=basic-search

Dear dr jaydip why the narrow spectrum not included in your review?

Dear Dr.Abdulridha Taha Sarhan ,

You mean specialised /pointed discussion - Specialised discussion like Lopinavir -Ritonavir / Remdesivir / HChQ ( althogh not antiviral ) justification has been reviewed to my last few queries . So it is a broader review containing mainly the

improvement of Synthetic antiviral Chemistry starting from Amantadine .Hcl to Remantidine.Hcl ( a pipeline medicine of covid19 ) and more sybthetic Covid antivirals are to be discussed here .

Dear dr Jaudip, thanks for comment

di-deoxy cytidine tri phosphate - Zalcitabine is a FDA approved retroviral compound potent against HIV infection .

HIVID - The market brand - https://www.rxlist.com/hivid-drug.htm

The formulation is a Tablet Dosage form -Film Coated .REF:thebody.com ( Image Source )

REF : drugline.org ( Image Source )

FDA 's advice - Zalcitabine with zidouvidine - http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=ar-01-03

The side effect of Zalcitabine -https://www.medicinenet.com/zalcitabine/article.htm

Zidouvidine - Azidothymidine - A diazo group is introduced with Thymine group of

DNA base pairs - also used in antiretroviral therapy of HIV infection .

https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/drugs/4/zidovudine/0/patient

Retrovir - Formulated to Oral dosage form of Tablet - zidovudine AZT - REF : aids-drugs-online.com ( Image Source ) .

Now we will swich over to Covid19 - Antiviral - New generation of Amantadine.Hcl - Rimantadine - Bird like animal trial with mild infection is satisfied -https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12985-019-1182-0

Rimantadine ( Amantadine ) is very effetive to treat the Corona Pateints with acute respiratory disorder for particularly elderly pateints - https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/10669259

Among isolated within 10 clinical trials rimantadine is one of -https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15288617/

Rimantadine is very specific to URT including Lungs - Very crucial -https://academic.oup.com/jac/article/47/3/251/749350

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Amantadine_effective_in_COVID-19

Rimantadine hydrochloride - a broad spectrum antiviral including Covid respiratory infection - https://academic.oup.com/jac/article/47/3/251/749350

Article Amantadine as a drug to mitigate the effects of COVID-19

Other Antiviral under pipeline of covid19 - Ampligen - a broad spectrum antiviral developed by Japan - severe accute respiratory syndrome .

EDD-2801 - Inhibits the replication of RNA virus including SARS-COV-2.

ENU- 200 - developed by Silico Modelling - Under phase III trial - SARS-COV-2 infection .

Elsulphavirine - developed by Russia & Eastern EU - Phase 2 trial in U.S .

Rivavirin Inhaller - Under trial in Canada - To reduce the respiratory distress of Covid19 .

https://www.empr.com/home/news/drugs-in-the-pipeline/pipeline-investigational-antiviral-therapies-for-covid-19/

https://www.drugtopics.com/view/investigational-drugs-pipeline-covid-19

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41573-020-00068-2

https://clinicaltrials.gov/

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jaydip_Datta/post/Justification_of_Lopinavir-Ritonavir_Finally_Remdesivir_higher_generation_of_acyclovir_analog_used_in_Covid19_treatment/attachment/5ecfa3c3152fe900010adec8/AS%3A896133060648967%401590666179877/download/320px-Lopinavir_and_ritonavir.svg.png

Justification of Lopinavir - Ritonavir & Finally Remdesivir ( higher generation of acyclovir analog ) used in Covid19 treatment ?Discussion

• Started May 13

But till now ultimately Remdesivir stands against SARS-COV-2 infection -https://www.researchgate.net/deref/http%3A%2F%2Fcovid.idea.medicine.uw.edu

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jaydip_Datta/post/Justification_of_Lopinavir-Ritonavir_Finally_Remdesivir_higher_generation_of_acyclovir_analog_used_in_Covid19_treatment/attachment/5ef1ba765225fb000121809f/AS%3A905503282577416%401592900214777/download/imgonline-com-ua-Piconpic-Ul7hIvroH3c94.jpg

Flavipiravir - another low cost antiviral available in tablet dosage - an attempts by

Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd in India - https://www.researchgate.net/post/Flavipiravir-Justification_of_use_against_Covid19

Thanks for your effort.

Dear Abdulridha Taha Sarhan ,

Thanks for your human encouragement but we all will be much happy for effort developement for covid vaccine to prevent death .

Follow

Yes dear Jaydip your right we have to concentrate the efforts for getting covid vaccine

This is a very funny thread. The title "Broad Spectrum Synthetic Antiviral Compounds ( Including covid19 )..." COVID-19 is not an antiviral compound. There are many other flaws. You should not copy from the internet and you better should leave the topic for specialists, which you apparently are not at all. We do not need incompetent medical advice from engineers. For a first introduction you may wish to read "Howley, P: Fields Virology: Emerging Viruses"; when you have read and, more importantly, understood it [which I doubt will happen], you can ask me for more detailed literature recommendations.

Dear Christian G Meyer ,

Every words you used are funny & dull . Better you should learn about Medicinal Chemistry - The Synthesis , SAR , Q-SAR , Formulation as well as literatire review

of different presigious article of the corresponding . A Chartered Fellow Chemist

is an authendicating people to cordinate between Chemical Engineering and Technology - The bridge between an Engineer & Doctor is Technology ,here that

is Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Medicinal Chemistry , Industrial Biotechnology ,

Bio-Chemical engineering , Pharmaceutical Mfg / formulations - all these of my

M.Tech course you have to learn otherwise you like child are playing with a sword

- where only result is dangerous wound !!

Christian G Meyer ,

The appropiate referencing along with your impression is called review - You have know - https://www.researchgate.net/post/Whether_Chemistry_Pharmacy_are_interdisciplinary-acedemics_research-updated_to_pandemic_Covid19

You have to know the term " Broad Spectrum " from my thread -https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is_there_a_correlation_between_Pharmaceutical_Chemistry_and_Physician_Doctor

Rimantadine ( Amantadine analogue ) , Lopinavir-Ritonavir combination , Flavipiravir & Finally Rendesivir all are used to Combat Covid19 in symtomatic particularly acute respiratory distress but these drugs can be best used with a sera like Interferon -beta-1a .https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-020-03048-5

Dexamethasone - A broad spectrum cortico-steroid but NON ANTIVIRAL is taken in consideration as an urgent LSM including acute respiratory distress -It acts through immunological response - https://science.thewire.in/the-sciences/covid-19-dexamethasone-glucocorticoid-immunosuppresion-recovery-trial/

Role of Cortico-steroid in Life Saving Medicine ( LSM ) even against Covid19 ( NON - ANTIVIRAL ) -https://www.medscape.com/answers/2500114-197459/what-is-the-role-of-corticosteroids-such-as-dexamethasone-in-the-treatment-of-coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19

This is indeed a very funny thread initiated not by a physician, pharmacologist or pharmacist. Accordingly, there are many mistakes and unclarities.

Just Post a Discussion about your " funny threads " what you have experianced in

Researchgate - "Empty Vessels Sounds Much" - Christian G Meyer

The Thread is funny but What are you doing as a Funny Virologist against Covid19 ? Have you invented some Antiviral Compounds or Vaccine or any Contribution against this epidemology / your comments will be "funny indeed "for getting 4-5 Recommendations only .

Remdesivir with interferron beta 1 -a - An effective combination since Remdesivir is SARS-COVID-2 specific with interferon beta -1a very effective for symptomatic treatment like acute respiratory syndrome ( ARS ) .

Whther fresh oxygen from mechanical ventilation or Remdesivir - Which one is more appropiate for a covid paieints with respiratory failure - or Both ?https://www.fda.gov/media/137574/download

Thank you dr for your answering.

Thank you dear for your following

When the discussion is broad spectrum so I must go through not only Covid19 but

Viral Hepatitis B also - https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b

https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hbv/index.htm - Division of Viral Hepatitis .

Interferon-alpha and pegylated interferon-alpha, three nucleoside analogs (lamivudine, entecavir and telbivudine / Prodrugs ) - Article Antiviral Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infections

ACE- 2 - Antiviral Therapy - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121346/

Any Newer Antivirals - Just Look - Pyrimidines ( 2nd Generation ) - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7097272/

Ribavirin - Another broad spectrum antiviral against HCV , SARS-COV-2 -https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ribavirin

Ribavirin Triple Combination - https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)31042-4/fulltext

Article Novel coronavirus treatment with ribavirin: Groundwork for e...

Broad Spectrum Antiviral - SARS-COV-2- Beta-d- N4- hydroxycytidine - https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/12/541/eabb5883

Ivermectin - An FDA approved broad spectrum anti-viral - Article The FDA-approved Drug Ivermectin inhibits the replication of...

Remdesivir - Combination with Hydroxy-CHQ - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-020-0282-0

good luck

Steroids - A Non Antiviral is promptly used for Phase-III Corona-Pateints - https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/l.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhealth.economictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Findustry%2Fsteroids-cut-death-rates-among-critically-ill-covid-19-patients-major-study-finds%2F77901930&mailer_id=0&item_id=3901655&dt=2020-09-06&utm_source=Mailer&utm_medium=ET_batch&utm_campaign=ethealth_news_2020-09-06

A molecular docking study of

SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp): Article Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovi...

Role of china on the price control of API's - https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/tag/apis

https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/tag/drug+industry

https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/tag/chinese+products

The impact will play including antiviral drugs also .

Prevention is better than cure . Antivirals are somehow available but the vaccination / Immunisation ??