Can any body please suggest some literatures describing the bio-available proportion of metal from contaminated/polluted soil to animals (e.g., Bivalve mollusc/polycheate etc.) ....Advance thanks due to your kind cooperation.
1. You can find the impact of physical, chemical, and biological interfacial interactions on bioavailability and mobility of metals and metalloids in soil in the following link:
http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/jsspn/v10n3/art05.pdf
2. Regarding mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in soils of alluvial plain the following may be helpful.
4.Anothe review on bioavialbity of metals: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274513782_Bioavailability_of_heavy_metals_in_soils_definitions_and_practical_implementation-a_critical_review
Article Bioavailability of heavy metals in soils: definitions and pr...
Actually I am aware about the references related to Bioavailability of heavy metals from contaminated soil to plants (e.g., Chojnacka et al. 2004. Science of the Total Environment 337 : 175 – 182; Kim et al. 2015. Environmental geochemistry and health, 37(6), 1041-1061). But I need to know if there is Reference directly related to bioavailability of heavy metal from contaminated soils to animals?? Please suggest. Thanks
It depends on the forms of metals, solubility of the metal forms, the demands of the organism in terms of the metal (e.g. essential metals like Fe, Si for e.g. the exoskeletion of marine organisms) or their analoges, the life cycle of the organism etc. Usually, pollutants are concentrated in the organisc phase of the sediments.
It is hard to move the metals from sediments to animals most of metals are absorbed on clay but from water it more easy for the uptake from marine organisms.
Also as Heleny said you have to consider the Shelton of some marine organisms such as diatoms which mainly are formed from Si.
Mohamed, Assessing Bioavailability of metals in soils and sediments sediments is tricky. Some advocate using pore water quality (and then comparing this to water quality toxicity based values). There are also extraction techniques. For sediments Here in Australia a dilute acid extraction is used to measure "bioavailable" metals and the result compared to a set of toxicity based guidelines. The method is described in Part II section 4 of the attached link. In the same document, there is an excellent section in Appendix A7 on assessing bioavailability of copper using particle size, organic matter content and total metal analysis - this is an excellent piece of work. More details on sed quality assessment in the CSIRO publication - link attached. Ive also attached link to a question that is related to bioavailability / toxicity of metals in soils