If there are any ways to measure individual entrepreneur's entrepreneurial intensity? If yes kindly provide some research papers regarding it.
At the personal level you could look at hours worked as a basic measure of the time allocation commitment of the entrepreneur. Typically full-time entrepreneurs work more hours than waged workers and the job creating self-employed more hours than the solo self-employed. Or in the pre-start up stages you could look at how much time entrepreneurs spend in gathering all the resources together to physically start their businesses (premises, materials, stock, bank loans, regulatory requirements etc). At the firm level you could look at measures which relate to the actual scale of the business (employment, number of markets they operate in etc). At the governance level you could look at how many functional roles the entrepreneur fulfils. This is particularly important as their businesses typically lack a complete managerial team. Hope this gives you some ideas? Cheers, Marc
I agree with Ivo that you first define very clearly the concept of "entrepreneurial intensity". Usually, "intensity" is measured on a different dimension than "extensiveness". Marc provides a practical answer, but for a better understanding you have to define clearly the concept and the purpose of using it.
If the concept of 'enterpreneurial intensity' has similar (or close to) the meaning of 'enterpreneurial orientation' by Dess and Lumpkin, it can be measured by the 5 dimensions: innovativeness, risk taking. agresiveness, proactiveness, and independence. And each dimension has its own indicators, related to the object of the research.
Analjoti, cordial greetings. Colleagues consider adding points of great interest. Keep in mind that would add semantic field type practiced in the organization to stimulate forward thinking on these activities. You may find elements of metrics in the theory of Social Representations of Moscovici
If you follow Morris paper on Entrepreneurial Intensity you will find that it is very close to the better developed construct of Entrepreneurial Orientation, but combining both degree and frequency, while EO only focuses on degree. However, it is a firm level construct.
You shall be able to find several papers that have explored the EO construct at the individual level:
Krauss, S. I., Frese, M., Friedrich, C., & Unger, J. M. (2005). Entrepreneurial orientation: A psychological model of success among southern African small business owners. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 14(3), 315-344.
Langkamp Bolton, D., & Lane, M. D. (2012). Individual entrepreneurial orientation: Development of a measurement instrument. Education+ Training, 54(2/3), 219-233.
Once you have clarity on EO as an individual level construct, you can easily move to Entrepreneurial Intensity.
Hope this helps.
Taking into account the idea that intensity implies consistency (honed skills), one may consider a metric based on the number of times the entrepreneurial efforts of a particular entrepreneur has "hit the jackpot" in defiance of the blockbuster myth (that one blockbuster is likelier to beget another, in fact to follow-up one blockbuster success with another is a rarity for any entreprenuer. There are usually pauses or quantum leaps or unending failures). In this regards a serial entrepreneur may still rank lower than another entrepreneur that attempts lesser number of ventures but is nonetheless able to score big within those smaller number of tries.
Intensity is the crucible from which skills emerge. Not all practice makes perfect, only focused ones repeated consistently.
http://www.nber.org/papers/w12592
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