In my opinion the first determination, when studying aromatic and medicinal plants, is to characterize the stages of plant development. Thus, the next experiments will be linked to a specific stage no matter the country (latitude, longitude and altitude) they are carried out. Try to avoid time after planting, plant height or only vegetative or flowering periods which are usual in the literature because the comparison with many other publications is difficult. The stages are important to allow readers to have the plant architecture in mind when they are reading your scientific article. Today I am working in the stages of Masaka plants. In my page in Researchgate you can see the stages of Stevia rebaudiana, and thus you can improve them or design other classification to apply in your plants. Best regards, Walter.
Experimentation and observation of plant growth is important but along with this the estimation of Phyto Chemical changes quantitatively and qualitatively are important, this will be a big and time consuming exercise but will have more applied potential.
Answer of this question depends upon your intention. Many aromatic plants are cultivated by many agencies for business or/ and research purpose. If you want to perform research on some particular aromatic plant, try to collect informations from books and other sources. Then visit some spot where cultivation of such plants are going on. Then make other necessary arrangements. It is not an easy step for a researcher. You may depend on suppliers for that purpose, but the quality and originality must be checked on regular basis by the experts.
Refferring to the litterature, you could first select an aromatic/medicial plant of importance. Let consider Lemongrass for exemple, for the production of essential oil by hydrodistillation;
Then you set an experiment were you grow this plant under different organic level amendment of the soil; and evaluate thier impacts on the essentiel oil yield and composition.
Thereafter you could lyophilize the remaining hot water extrat from hydrodistillation (which certainly possess other propertyies that could be investigated). The remaining plant reisdu may in return be dried crushed into fine powder and used to amend the soil at different levels for the production of the same aromatic plant.
You could also set an experiment were, you try to identify the growth stage at which the yield of the essential oil of the aromaticplant is the best or the growth stage at which the production of the components of interest in the essential oil are maximally produced.