Adiponectin), a protein secreted by adipocytes, is related to improved insulin sensitivity. It increases insulin sensitivity by increasing fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue and decreased hepatic glucose release. It seems that adiponectin is low in obese individuals, contrary of leptin that is increased. Thus, the beneficial effect of adiponectin on insulin sensitivity in obese subjects would be damaged...
Magna Cottini Passos wrote:
> Adiponectin may be responsible for the development of
> type 2 diabetes in obese individuals?
I don't know whether it applies here, but
here are studies with T2D and adiponectin.
http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/521349/
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2009-07/jaaj-hlo070209.php
http://phys.org/news146853539.html
Regards,
Joachim
The potential role of adiponectin on insulin secretion, as well as on energy expenditure, through central action, has been investigated. Accumulating evidence from clinical, experimental animal and genetic studies support a close association between hypoadiponectinemia and insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes. Based on the observation that various drug classes exert beneficial effects on insulin resistance partly by increasing plasma adiponectin levels, it could hypothesized that substances that enhance or mimic adiponectin to activate its receptors and/or postreceptor signaling pathway may be a promising therapeutic strategy in the prevention and treatment of diabetes (Xita and Tsatsoulis, 2012).
Adiponectin, one of the major products of adipocytes, is a prototypic anti-diabetic adipocytokine, which actions are mainly exerted by the activation of AMP-activated kinase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. This adipocytokine is one of the most abundant circulating (adipo)cytokines in health (Moschen et al., 2012).
Further it has been suggested that obesity causes reduction in adiponectin on the other hand hypo-caloric diets increases adiponectin.
Thus It may be considered that IN PART, reduction in adiponectin in obesity may be one of the mechanisms, responsible for NIDDM.
Regards,
Bhupesh
Your title threw me off for a wile but after reading the paragraph I agree with you that adiponectin is certainly a T2DM-related peptide. As Bhupesh mentions, high levels may be protective against the development of T2DM (and exercise is know to increase adiponectin levels).
I have a study under review proposing that certain aged animals (F344) on high fat diets are protected from ill-effects of the diet because of elevated adiponectin levels.
Adiponectin is know to activate AMPK signalling pathway. Which in turn might activate Pi3K resulting in insulin sensitisation. Using small molecule AMPK activators such as AICAR will be beneficial to lower the blood glucose levels. Metformin is the so far best used drug to keep normal blood glucose levels in Type 2 diabetes people. Metformin might also have beneficial effects on cardio vascular diseases so Type2 DM people using metformin might be benefited in both ways.
It appears to be central actions (hypothalamic) of adiponectin seems to play a key role , but we are still at the understanding stage.
I was surprised egen I treated my T2D patients with insulin glargine that they all decreased their adiponectin levels even lower during six months therapy. This made me wonder how good it is to treat hyperinsulinemic patients with even more insulin?
I am sure you would agree that it depends on how far along the disease progression patients are. The hyperinsulinemia cannot last forever and at one point turns to hypoinsulinemia. Hence the benefit of glargine in those patients.
Still, surprising that adiponectin levels did not increase when you reestablished normoglycemia.
I totally agree with you. What I am suggesting is that maybe we should discriminate patients based on their insulin levels when choosing between different glucose lowering agents.
- Badges
- Science topic
- Similar topics
- Chemistry
- Pharmacology
- Pharmaceuticals
- Drugs