In indirect bad gap semiconductor TiO2 and have defects TiO2-x what is the timescale of excitons to do recombnation ?

Please explain in bulk TiO2 and TiO2-x, I want to know EPR recorded at room temperature no signal observed for rutile phase but at 77 K a sharp signal observed that is explained on basis of...

06 July 2018 3,383 0 View

XRD data at different wavelength and CIF data at different wavelength than how to refinement?

If the XRD data is recorded at Wavelength such as =0.688 Angstrom and I want to do refine the parmeter of XRD pattern for that purpose I need CIF file from the data. How I can choose the file...

11 December 2017 5,348 5 View

How many PEO group and PPO group are present in Pluronic F-108 and Pluronic F-127 and P-123?

PEO-PPO-PEO I am confused as the ratio I got i different paers are different as Pluronic F-127 100-65-100 and some where it is written 101-56-101 I need to know about F-108 as written 133-49-133...

11 December 2017 1,658 0 View

How do I calculate and put d-spacing value in electron diffraction in mixed phase system of Titania?

I am having a mixed phase system I want to index a ring pattern of electron diffraction pattern but I am unable to find the value matching. please any one explain. I am attaching here JCPDS of...

07 August 2017 3,201 4 View

How to calculate appropriate Volume value with significant digit ?

If I know the refined cell parameters of XRD pattern with significant digit like a= 3.789456(12) and 9.3345(5) how do I multiply them to get correct value of Volume= a2 c (angstrom) with...

07 August 2017 2,505 8 View

How to write correct wayto represent lattice parameter with significant digit?

05 June 2017 1,842 4 View

What are F- and F+ centres (Farbe centre or color centre ) how they formed ?

Farbe centres in lattice, I need literature to know how theyformed in lattice and how color changed occurs.

04 May 2017 7,598 0 View

How can we calculate (%) how much of UV,Visible and IR light absorb by Metal oxide like Titanium dioxide using Absorbance spectra Plot?

Different sample will absorb different portion of UV,visible and IR portion, Is that possible to calculate the percentage of each portion, how much UV light in (%) is absorbed or visible light or...

03 April 2017 354 3 View

Ytterbium stablized mesoporous titania, why there is so much broad peaks in XRD which sites will be occupied by Ytterbium?

02 March 2017 3,510 4 View

How well ordered Structure like SBA-15, MCM-41 are correlated to show there low angle XRD reflections?

Why small angle XRD pattern shows peaks for hexagonal and cubic symmetric structure like SBA-15, MCM-41. Reflection at 100, 110 and 200

01 February 2017 8,054 1 View

flexibility of polymers chain

effect of double bond on the flexibility of polymers

07 April 2021 0 0 View

Formulation of polymer color flakes

I am writing to request some information for making polymer color flakes. I would appreciate the help.

17 March 2021 0 0 View

Polymer composites suddenly solidifies?

I am making polymer composite by solvent mixing method. When I am trying to add filler solution in polymer solution it quickly get solidified. How to make them then uinform? It doesn't give time...

03 March 2021 7,540 4 View

What is the production process of CaFe ferroalloys?

I looking for ferro calcium production process

03 March 2021 1,755 4 View

How do I increase the yield of my PCR product?

Hello, We would like to increase the yield of our PCR product. We are running a series of PCR reactions that is targeting ~1.1kb sequence. We begin each reaction with ~400pg of template DNA...

02 March 2021 4,029 3 View

What solvent can I used for Paal Knorr reaction between 6-amino hexanoic acid and 2.5 hexanedione?

I am try to make the Paal Knorr reaction between 2.5 hexnedione and 6-amino hexanoic acid, my problem is type of solvent to use, because 6-hexaminohexanoic acid is soluble in water but I am not...

02 March 2021 4,443 2 View

12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel, etched for revealing retained austenite, any help for clarifying?

Hello everyone. Given microstructure image belongs to a 12% ledeburitic cold work tool steel (annealed and tempered). The sample was etched with picral (100 mL ethanol and 4 g picric acid). I...

02 March 2021 4,119 3 View

How to polymerize TEOS?

I want to polymerize TEOS on a surface. I know that NH4OH is a preferred catalyst and an alcoholic solvent should be used .But I can not find certain amounts of each material to use. Does any one...

02 March 2021 1,404 6 View

How Relativistic effects is one reason for lanthanide contraction?

The Lanthanide contraction which is the decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, is due to poor shielding of the 4f...

01 March 2021 2,272 4 View

How can extract ciprofloxacin hydrochloride disolve in water er to organic solvent such as dichloromethan or any other solvent?

I need a procedure to extract the ciprofloxacin hydrochloride from aqueous solution by using dichloromethane in detail,. I thank you very much.

01 March 2021 4,306 1 View